v1.0
Publishing history:
v1.0: 01/10/24
1plod m. [pʰɫ̪ɔd̪̥], gen. ploda -[ə] and pluid [pʰɫ̪ud̥ʲ], ‘fleet (of boats)’ is derived from ON floti m. ‘raft; fleet’ by Meyer (1891, 461), Craigie (1894, 156), MacBain (1896), Robertson (1906a, 39), Bugge (1912, 293), MacLennan (1925) and McDonald (2009, 354). De Vries (1962) follows Bugge, although he cites OG plot, which is unattested. Marstrander (1915a, 64) cites unassigned plod < ON floti in order to exemplify ON o yielding Ir. o, and (p. 106) SG and Mx plod from ploda 
Marstrander’s form ploda is hypothetical and should really be asterisked.
Mx plod occurs only in Y Kelly 1866, who lists ‘plod, 
For the sense ‘pool’, see 2plod.
The Scottish Gaelic form of this word is predominantly plod, e.g. MacDomhnuill 1741, 110: ‘fleet, navy’; Shaw 1780: ‘pool, fleet’; Mac Farlan 1795: ‘a fleet anchoring’; Armstrong 1825: †plod ‘pool, fleet’; HSS 1828: ‘fleet’; and McAlpine 1832: ‘fleet of shipping, carnage, damage’, 
The origin of SG plod (also plodraich) in the senses ‘carnage, damage’ is unclear, but perhaps has something to do with Scots plod and plodder ‘to toil continuously, drudge, slave’ (SND˄).
For the doublet plod ~ flod, cf. SG plùr ~ flùr ‘flour; flower’, ultimately from OFr. flọur (cf. Ir. plúr (Risk 1970, 626)).
The Scottish Gaelic verb forms plod and plodaich ‘to float’ also occur.
For plod, cf. MacDomhnuill (1741, 142), Shaw 1780 (plodam, plodaigham [(sic) ‘I float’], which are listed by O’Reilly (1817; 1864) as plódaim, plódaighim), Armstrong 1825 (‘to scald, float, cause to float’), HSS 1828 (‘to float, cause to float’), and McAlpine 1832 (‘to float, cause to float, half scald’). For plodaich, cf. Armstrong (‘to scald, float, cause to float’) and HSS (= plod). The senses ‘scald, half scald’ derive from Scots plot ‘to scald with boiling water’ (SND˄).
HSS (1828) derives flodadh from Scots flodder, but s.v. SG fleodrainn.
ON floti would formally yield SG *floide *[ˈfɫ̪ɔd̥ʲə] or, with apocope, *floid *[ˈfɫ̪ɔd̥ʲ] or similar, while an oblique ON flota would be expected to yield SG *floda *[fɫ̪ɔd̪̥ə] or flod [fɫ̪ɔd̪̥], which in turn could yield plod, with initial f- delenited to p- via back-formation in Gaelic. An Old Norse derivation for the noun SG flod, plod ‘fleet’, therefore, on the face of it cannot be ruled out.
For Shetland, Jakobsen (1928) lists floti [floti] ‘a small raft, ferry-boat’, which he derives from ON floti; cf. Scots flootchie ‘a flat-bottomed boat, esp. one with a square stern, a kind of skiff’, which SND˄ links with Norw. dial. flote, flotta, ON floti, or perhaps Dut. (dim.) vlottje, ‘a raft’.
On the other hand, MScots flot, flote (with a short vowel) ‘a fleet; a float or raft’ (< MEng. flote 
Before lengthening to flōte.
Cf. HSS (1828, s.v. flod: ‘fleet’, Hebrides), with a derivation from Scots flote.
Before lengthening to flōten.
For SG flod in the phrase air flod ‘afloat’, s.v. flod.