v1.0
Published 01/10/24
Bibliography
AFB: Am Faclair Beag.
Aitken, A. J., 2002, The Older Scots Vowels: A history of the stressed vowels of Older Scots from the beginnings to the eighteenth century (The Scottish Text Society).
Akerbeltz: Goireasan Gàidhlig air an eadar-lìon/Gaelic resources on the web.
Ancient Laws of Ireland/Senchus Mór I (Dublin: Alexander Thom, 1865).
AND: Anglo-Norman Dictionary.
The Angus Macleod Archive/Tasglann Aonghais MhicLeòid.
Armstrong, R[obert] A[rchibald], 1825, A Gaelic Dictionary, in Two Parts: I. Gaelic and English – II. English and Gaelic (London: James Duncan).
Árnason, Jón, 1864, Íslenskar Þjóðsögur og Æfintýri II (Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs’s Bokaverzlunar).
Atkinson, Robert, 1890, Trí Bior-Ġaoiṫe an Ḃáis of Rev. Geoffrey Keating (Dublin: The Academy).
Bakker, Peter, and Hein van der Voort, 2011, ‘Malamuk – A (West) Frisian loanword in Greenlandic’, Études Inuit Studies 35, No. 1/2, Propriété intellectuelle et éthique/Intellectual property and ethics, 265–73.
Ban-Saileach, 1876, ‘Donnachadh Mór Chinntàile’, An Gaidheal V, Àir. 55, 208–09.
Barr, Gordon, n.d., ‘The Poetry of Alasdair Mac Mhaighstir Alasdair’: the second set of poems in a PDF file.
Beard, Ellen L., 2015, ‘Rob Donn Mackay: Finding the music in the songs’, doctoral thesis, University of Edinburgh.
Beard, Ellen L., 2018, 100 Òran le Rob Donn MacAoidh/100 Songs of Rob Donn Mackay (Isle of Skye: Taigh na Teud).
Béarra, Feargal, 2010, ‘Tromdhámh Guaire: A context for laughter and audience in Early Modern Ireland’, in Albrecht Classen, ed., Laughter in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times (Berlin: Walter de Gryter), 413–28.
Beckett, Colm, 1967, Fealsúnacht Aodha Mhic Dhomhnaill (Baile Átha Cliath).
Bedell, William, see An Bíobla Naomhtha (1817).
Bergin, Osborn, 1943, ‘Bróg “shoe”’, Éigse III, 237–39.
Bergin, Osborn, 1992, Trí Bior-Ghaoithe an Bháis, Séathrún Céitinn do sgríobh/The Three Shafts of Death, by Geoffrey Keating, D.D. (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies; 1st pub. 1931).
Best, R[ichard] I., and Osborn Bergin, 1929, Lebor na hUidre/Book of the Dun Cow (Dublin: Hodges, Figgis & Co. for the Royal Irish Academy).
Bezzenberger, Adalbert, see Stokes 1894.
Am Bìoball 1807: Leabhraichean an t-Seann Tiomnaidh agus an Tiomnaidh Nuadh (London: The British and Foreign Bible Society).
An Biobla Naomhtha (1690) (Lunnduin: R. Ebheringtham [Richard Everingham], Sráid Ave-Maria, Luid-gheata, 1690; available at Early English Books: Text Creation Partnership, University of Michigan). (This was the Rev. Robert Kirk‘s rendition of the Irish Bible (see An Bíobla Naomhtha (1817)) for the use of Scottish Highlanders, together with an Irish-Scottish Gaelic glossary.)
An Bíobla Naomhtha (1817) (London: The British and Foreign Bible Society, 1817). (Translation of the New Testament into Irish was completed by William O‘Donnell and published in 1602; the Old Testament was translated by William Bedell and published in 1685; the Old and New Testaments were published together in 1690, see An Biobla Naomhtha (1690)).
Black, Ronald, 1976, ‘Colla Ciotach’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XLVIII, 201–43.
Black, Ronald, ed., 2001, An Lasair: Anthology of 18th Century Gaelic Verse (Edinburgh: Birlinn Ltd).
Black, Ronald, ed., 2002, Eilein na h-Òige: The poems of Fr Allan McDonald (Glasgow: Mungo).
Black, Ronald, ed., 2008, The Gaelic Other World: John Gregorson Campbell’s Superstitions of the Highlands and Islands and Witchcraft and Second Sight in the Highlands and Islands (Edinburgh: Birlinn Ltd; 1st pub. 2005).
Black, Ronald [Raghnall MacilleDhuibh], 2006, ‘Why are penguins so called? (1)’, The Quern-Dust Calendar 529, West Highland Free Press 24 November 2006, available at The Quern-Dust Calendar.
Black, Ronald, 2010a, ‘Gaelic Orthography: The Drunk Man’s Broad Road’, in Moray Watson and Michelle Macleod, eds, The Edinburgh Companion to the Gaelic Language (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press), 229–61.
Black, Ronald, 2010b, ‘GOC: The More the Merrier?’, Scottish Gaelic Studies XXVII, 109–11.
Black, Ronald, 2023, ‘Uilleam MacMhurchaidh/William MacMurchy’, in Daniel Cook, ed., Scottish Poetry, 1730–1830 (Oxford University Press), 93–98.
Blaeu, Johannis, 1654, Theatrum Orbis Terrarum sive Atlas Novus V (Amstelædami: apud Ioannem Blaev); map information collected by Timothy Pont c. 1583–c. 1614.
Borgstrøm, Carl Hj., 1936, ‘The Norse Place-Names of Barra’, in John Lorne Campbell, ed., The Book of Barra (London: George Routledge & Sons Ltd), 287–95.
Borgstrøm, Carl Hj., 1937, ‘The Dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides’, Norsk tidsskrift for sprogvidenskap VIII, 71–242.
Borgstrøm, Carl Hj., 1940, The Dialects of the Outer Hebrides, A Linguistic Survey of the Gaelic Dialects of Scotland I, Norsk tidsskrift for sprogvidenskap Suppl. Bind I.
Borgstrøm, Carl Hj., 1941, The Dialects of Skye and Ross-shire, A Linguistic Survey of the Gaelic Dialects of Scotland II, Norsk tidsskrift for sprogvidenskap Suppl. Bind II.
Borkent, Aukje, 2014, Norse Loanwords in Old and Middle Irish: A semantic analysis of the Irish-Norse (language) contact situation, MA thesis, Ancient, Medieval and Renaissance Studies (Celtic), University of Utrecht.
Breatnach, Risteard B., 1947, The Irish of Ring, Co. Waterford: A phonetic study (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
Breatnach, Risteard B., ed., 1984, Seana-Chaint na nDéise II (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies; 1st pub. 1961).
Breeze, Andrew, 2002, ‘Four Middle English Notes: calf “shank”, silk “prey”, Clanvowe’s cuckoo, and William Worcestre’s “Donyton” ’, Selim 11, 169–76.
Breeze, Andrew, 2003, ‘Scots shayth “reason” and Gaelic seadh “esteem” ’, Scottish Gaelic Studies XXI, 251–52.
Broderick, George, 1984, A Handbook of Late Spoken Manx, 3 vols (Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag).
Broderick, George, 2010, ‘A Grammar of Manx Place-names’, The Journal of Scottish Name Studies 4, 1–42.
Broderick, George, 2019, ‘Prof. Sir John Rhŷs in the Isle of Man (1886–1893): Dictionary’, Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 66, 15–74.
Broderick, George, see also PNIM.
Brook, G[eorge] L[eslie], 1975, English Sound-Changes (Manchester: Manchester University Press).
Brownlie, Niall M., 1991–92, ‘Leila’, Gairm 157, 22–27.
Buchan, Alexander, 1727, A Description of St Kilda, reprinted in Donald Monro, 1774, Description of the Western Isles of Scotland, called Hybrides; by Mr Donald Monro High Dean of the Isles, who travelled through the most of them in the year 1549 (Edinburgh: William Auld).
Buchanan, George, 1582, Rerum Scoticarum Historia, ed. Dana F. Sutton (University of California, Irvine, 2003, 2009).
Buckland, Frank, 1881, Natural History of British Fishes (London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge).
Bugge, Alexander, 1900a, ‘Nordisk Sprog og Nordisk Nationalitet i Irland’, Aarbøger for Nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie 15, 279–332.
Bugge, Alexander, 1900b, ‘Contributions to the History of the Norsemen in Ireland II: Norse elements in Gaelic modern tradition’, Videnskabsselskabet Skrifter II. Historisk-filosofisk Klasse, No. 5, 3–32.
Bugge, Alexander, 1904, ‘Bidrag til det Sidste Afsnit af Nordboernes Historie i Irland’, Aarbøger for Nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie II Række, 19 Bind, 248–315.
Bugge, Alexander, 1905, Vesterlandenes Inflydelse paa Nordboernes og Særlig Nordmændenes Ydre Kultur, Levesæt og Samfundsforhold i Vikingetiden (Christiania: Jacob Dybwad).
Bugge, Alexander, 1912, ‘Norse Loan Words in Irish’, in Osborn Bergin and Carl Marstrander, eds, Miscellany Presented to Kuno Meyer by Some of His Friends and Pupils on the Occasion of His Appointment to the Chair of Celtic Philology in the University of Berlin (Halle: Max Niemeyer), 291–306.
Bullet, [Jean Baptiste], 1759, Mémoires sur la Language Celtique II (Besançon: Claude-Joseph Daclin).
Bunachar Logainmeacha na hÉireann.
Burnett, Gregory, and William Scott, with additional names and corrections by Hector Morrison, 1855, Map of the County of Sutherland, made on the basis of the trigonometrical survey of Scotland in the years 1831, 1832 (Edinburgh: W. & A. K. Johnston).
Byrne, Mary E., 1908, ‘Airec menman Uraird maic Coisse’, in Osborn Bergin, R. I. Best, Kuno Meyer, and J. G. OʼKeeffe, eds, Anecdota from Irish Manuscripts II (Halle a. S.: Max Niemeyer, and Dublin: Hodges, Figges & Co. Ltd), 42–76.
Calder, George, 1972, A Gaelic Grammar (Glasgow: Gairm Publications; 1st pub. 1923).
Cameron, The Rev. Alexander, 1894, Reliquiæ Celticæ, 2 vols, ed. Alexander MacBain and the Rev. John Kennedy (Inverness: Northern Counties Newspaper and Printing and Publishing Company, 1892–1894).
Cameron, John, 1883, 1900, The Gaelic Names of Plants (Edinburgh and London: William Blackie and Sons, 1883; 2nd edn Glasgow: John Mackay, 1900).
Cameron, The Rev. Hector/Camshron, An t-Urr. Eachann, ed., 1932, Na Baird Thirisdeach/The Tiree Bards (An Comunn Tirisdeach/The Tiree Association).
Campbell, Duncan M., 1978, The Campbell Collection of Gaelic Proverbs and Proverbial Sayings, ed. Donald E. Meek (Inverness: The Gaelic Society of Inverness).
Campbell, J. F., ed., 1860, Popular Tales of the West Highlands, 4 vols (Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas, 1860–62).
Campbell, J. F., ed., 1872, Leabhar na Féinne, Vol. I: Gaelic texts: Heroic Gaelic ballads (London: Spottiswoode & Co.).
Campbell, John Gregorson, 1900, Superstitions of the Highlands and Scotland (Glasgow: James MacLehose and Sons).
Campbell, John Lorne, 1938, ‘An Early Scottish Gaelic Vocabulary', Scottish Gaelic Studies V, Part I, 76–93.
Campbell, John Lorne, 1961, ‘The Royal Irish Academy Text of “Birlinn Chlann Raghnaill”’, Scottish Gaelic Studies IX, Part I, 39–79.
Campbell, John Lorne, ed., 1969, Hebridean Folksongs I (Oxford: Caledonian Press).
Campbell, John Lorne, ed., 1972, Saoghal an Treobhaiche: The autobiography of a Hebridean crofter, told by Angus McLellan, Lochlann V, 1–234; also published by Club Leabhar (Inbhir Nis, 1972).
Cam’ron, Marairead, 1785, Orain Nuadh Ghaidhealach (Dun-Eidin: D. Mac-Phatric).
Carmichael, Alexander, 1916, ‘Grazing and Agrestic Customs of the Outer Hebrides’, The Celtic Review X, 40–54, 144–48, 254–62, 358–75.
Carmichael-Watson: Carmichael-Watson Collection, University of Edinburgh.
CELT: The Corpus of Electronic Texts.
CG: Carmina Gadelica, 6 vols, collected by Alexander Carmichael, Vols III–IV ed. James Carmichael Watson, Vols V–VI ed. Angus Matheson (Edinburgh 1900–1983).
Chapman, Kenneth G., 1962, Icelandic-Norwegian Linguistic Relationships, Norsk tidsskrift for sprogvidenkap Suppl. Bind VII.
Christiansen, Reidar Th., 1938, ‘Sudrøy-Norn’, Maal og Minne 1938, Nos. 1–2, 1–27.
Chudak, Magdalena, 2010, ‘Recent English Loanwords in Irish and the Interchange of Initial Segments’, Bucharest Working Papers in Linguistics No. 2, 61–70.
Clachan, 1917, ‘Terms Expressive of Affection, and Terms of Invective’, An Deo-Ghréine XIII, Earrannan 1, 11–13; 2, 29–30; 4, 61–62; 7, 110; 8, 125; 9, 140–41; 10, 158–59; 12, 190–91.
Clancy, Thomas Owen, 1992, ‘Mac Steléne and the Eight in Armagh: Identity and context’, Éigse XXVI, 80–91.
Clancy, Thomas Owen, 2010, ‘Atholl, Banff, Earn and Elgin: “New Irelands” in the east revisited’, in Wilson McLeod, Abigail Burnyeat, Domhnall Uilleam Stiùbhart, Thomas Owen Clancy and Roibeard Ó Maolalaigh, eds, Bile ós Chrannaibh: A Festschrift for William Gillies (Ceann Drochaid: Clann Tuirc).
Cleasby 1874: Cleasby, Richard, and Gudbrand Vigfusson, 1874, An Icelandic-English Dictionary (Oxford: The Clarendon Press); online at old-norse.net.
Clement, R. D., and Adam Watson, 1982, ‘Aberdeenshire Gaelic’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness LII, 373–404.
Clyne, Douglas, 1989, Gaelic Names for Flowers and Plants/Ainmean Gaidhealach air Blàthan agus Lusan (Furnace: Cruisgean).
CNRTL: Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales.
Coates, Richard, 1988, The Past of the Gaelic Dialect of St Kilda, Cognitive Science Research Paper 081 (School of Cognitive Sciences, University of Sussex); entitled Notes on the History of the Gaelic Dialect of St kilda in Coates 1990).
Coates, Richard, 1990, Place-Names of St Kilda (Dyfed: Edwin Mellen Press Ltd).
Colgan, Nathaniel, 1915, ‘A Biological Survey of Clare Island in the County of Mayo, Ireland, and of the Adjoining District (Sections 1–3)’, Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section B: Biological, geological, and chemical science 31, 1911–1915, Part 4, 1–30.
Collectanea 1847: Collectanea de Rebus Albanicis, ed. The Iona Club (Edinburgh: Thomas G. Stevenson, 1847).
Comann Eachdraidh Tholastaidh bho Thuath, 2005, Clachan Crìche: Tadhadh de Bhàrdachd Tholastaidh (1850–2000) (North Tolsta Historical Society).
Conellan, Professor, ed., 1860, Imtheacht na Tromdháimhe, Transactions of the Ossianic Society V (1857).
Cox, Richard [A. V.], 1989, ‘Questioning the Value and Validity of the Term ‘Hybrid’ in Hebridean Place-Name Study’, Nomina XII, 1–9.
Cox, Richard A. V., 1991, ‘Norse-Gaelic Contact in the West of Lewis: The place-name evidence’, Language Contact in the British Isles: Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Language Contact in Europe, Douglas, Isle of Man, 1988, Linguistische Arbeiten 238, 479–93.
Cox, Richard A. V., 1992, ‘The Norse Element in Scottish Gaelic’, in the Proceedings of the 9th International Congress of Celtic Studies (Paris 1991), Études Celtiques XXIX, 13–45.
Cox, Richard A. V., 1994, ‘The Norse Language in Celtic Scotland’, Proceedings of the Third Symposium of Societas Celtologica Nordica held in Oslo 1-2 November 1991 (Uppsala: Uppsala University), 27–39.
Cox, Richard A. V., 1997, ‘Modern Scottish Gaelic Reflexes of Two Pictish Words: pett and lannerc’, Nomina XX, 47–58.
Cox, Richard A. V., 1998, ‘Old Norse berg in Hebridean Place-Nomenclature’, in W. F. H. Nicolaisen, ed., Proceedings of the XIXth International Congress of Onomastic Sciences, Aberdeen, August 4–11, 1996 Vol. 2 (Aberdeen), 59–65.
Cox, Richard A. V., 2000, ‘The Phonological Development of Scottish Gaelic uinneag “window” and Related Questions’, Scottish Gaelic Studies XX, 212–21.
Cox, Richard A. V., 2002a, The Gaelic Place-names of Carloway, Isle of Lewis: Their structure and significance (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
Cox, Richard A. V., 2002b, ‘Notes on the Question of the Development of Old Norse bólstaðr in Hebridean Nomenclature’, Nomina XXV, 13–28.
Cox, Richard A. V., 2007a, ‘Notes on the Norse Impact on Hebridean Place-names’, The Journal of Scottish Name Studies 1, 2007, 139–44.
Cox, Richard A. V., 2007b, ‘The Development of Old Norse -rð(-) in (Scottish) Gaelic’, in George Broderick and Paul Cavill, eds, Language Contact in the Place-Names of Britain and Ireland (Nottingham: English Place-Name Society), 57–96.
Cox, Richard A. V., 2007c, ‘The Norse Element in Scottish Place-names: Syntax as a chronological marker’, The Journal of Scottish Name Studies 1, 13–26; 1st pub. in Cathal G. Ó Háinle and Donald E. Meek, eds, Unity in Diversity: Studies in Irish and Scottish Gaelic language, literature and history, Léann na Tríonóide/Trinity Irish Studies 1 (Dublin: The School of Irish, Trinity College, 2004), 37–49.
Cox, Richard A. V., 2008a, Review article: George Broderick, Placenames of the Isle of Man Vols 1–7, Nomina 31, 99–119.
Cox, Richard A. V., 2008b, ‘Old Norse Words for “boat” in Scottish Gaelic: Revisiting Henderson’s list’, Scottish Gaelic Studies XXIV, 169–80.
Cox, Richard A. V., 2008c, ‘The Syntax of the Place-names’, in Katherine Forsyth, ed., Studies on the Book of Deer (Dublin: Four Courts Press), 309–12.
Cox, Richard A. V., 2008d, ‘Tamhnaraigh ~ Tamnabhagh: The development of Old Norse -fn in (Scottish) Gaelic’, The Journal of Scottish Name Studies 2, 51–68.
Cox, Richard A. V., 2009, ‘Towards a Taxonomy of Contact Onomastics: Norse place-names in Scottish Gaelic’, The Journal of Scottish Name Studies 3, 15–28.
Cox, Richard A. V., 2010a, Review article: ‘Gaelic Orthographic Conventions 2009’, Scottish Gaelic Studies 26, 162–73.
Cox, Richard A. V., 2010b, ‘Scottish Gaelic Sannda and Its Aliases’, The Journal of Scottish Name Studies 4, 61–102.
Cox, Richard A. V., 2017, Geàrr-Ghràmar na Gàidhlig (Ceann Drochaid: Clann Tuirc).
Cox, Richard A. V., 2022, Ainmean Tuineachaidh Leòdhais/The Settlement Names of Lewis (Ceann Drochaid: Clann Tuirc).
Craigie, William, 1894, ‘Oldnordiske ord i de gæliske Sprog’, Arkiv för Nordisk Filologi 10, ny följd 6, 149–66.
Cramond, William, ed., 1903, The Records of Elgin, 1234–1800, 2 vols (Aberdeen, 1903 and 1908).
Cregeen, Archibald, 1835, A Dictionary of the Manx Language (Douglas: J. Quiggin).
CSD1: Concise Scots Dictionary, ed. Mairi Robinson (Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press; 1st edn 1985).
CSD2: Concise Scots Dictionary (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press; 2nd edn 2017).
Cunningham, Peter, 1990, Birds of the Outer Hebrides: A guide to their status and distribution (Edinburgh: Mercat Press).
Curry, Eugene, 1855, Cath Mhuighe Léana or the Battle of Ventry, together with Toċmarc Moméra or the Courtship of Momera (Dublin: The Celtic Society).
D’Arbois de Jubainville, H[enri] [= Marie-Henri], 1907, ‘Enlèvement de Taureau Divin et des Vaches de Cooley’, Revue Celtique XXVIII, 241–61.
Darling, F. Fraser, and J. Morton Boyd, 1969, The Highlands and Islands (London: Collins).
DASG: Digital Archive of Scottish Gaelic (University of Glasgow).
Day, Francis, 1884, ‘The Commercial Sea Fishes of Great Britain’, The Fisheries Exhibition Literature VIII (London: William Clowes and Sons Ltd).
DBFF: Dictionnaires bilingues de Francis Favereau (Edition Skol Vreizh).
DEAF: Dictionnaire Étymologique de l’Ancien Français.
de Bhaldraithe, Tomás, 1959, English-Irish Dictionary (Baile Átha Cliath: Oifig an tSoláthair).
de Bhaldraithe, Tomás, 1977, Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge: An deilbhíocht (Baile Átha Cliath: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath).
de Bhaldraithe, Tomás, 1981, Innéacs Nua-Ghaeilge don Dictionary of the Irish Language (Baile Átha Cliath: Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann).
de Bhaldraithe, Tomás, 1996, ‘Varia III. Ker. mar nod i bhfoclóirí an Duinnínigh’, Ériu XLVII, 213–16.
de Bhaldraithe, Tomás, 1999, ‘Palmaire agus Focail Eile’, Celtica XXIII, 76–81
de Búrca, Seán, 1958, The Irish of Tourmakeady, Co. Mayo: A phonemic study (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
Defayes, Michel, 1927-, A Thesaurus of Bird Names: Etymology of European lexis through paradigms.
Delamarre, Xavier, 2003, Dictionnaire de la Langue Gauloise: Une approche linguistique du Vieux-Celtique Continental (Éditions Errance; 2nd edn).
An Deo-Ghréine I, 1906, Earrann 12.
An Deo-Ghréine II, 1907, Earrann 11.
An Deo-Ghréine XII, 1916, Earrann 3.
An Deo-Ghréine XIII, 1917, Earrann 1.
An Deo-Ghréine XIII, 1918, Earrann 10.
de Vries, Jan, 1962, Altnordisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (Leiden 1962).
Dieckhoff, Henry Cyril, 1932, A Pronouncing Dictionary of Scottish Gaelic, based on the Glengarry dialect etc. (Edinburgh & London: W. & A. K. Johnston).
DIL: Dictionary of the Irish Language and Contributions to a Dictionary of the Irish Language, ed. E. G. Quin et alii (Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, 1913–1976); for the online version, see eDIL.
Dillon, Myles, 1953, ‘Semantic Distribution in Gaelic Dialects’, Language 29.3, 322–25.
Dinneen, P. S., 1947, Foclóir Gaedhilge agus Béarla – An Irish-English Dictionary (Dublin; 1st pub. 1904; revised and enlarged edn 1st pub. 1927).
Dolan, Terence Patrick, 2020, A Dictionary of Hiberno-English: The Irish use of English (3rd edn; Dublin: Gill Books).
Domhnallach, Domhull, 1893, ‘A Bhanis Thioram’, Mac-Talla II, No. 9, 8.
Dorian, Nancy C., 1978, East Sutherland Gaelic: The dialect of the Brora, Golspie and Embo fishing communities (Dublin: The Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
DOST: Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue, available via Dictionaries of the Scots Language.
Drummond, Peter, 1992, Scottish Hill Names: The origin and meaning of the names of Scotland’s hills and mountains (Scottish Mountaineering Trust; 1st pub. 1991).
DSL: Dictionaries of the Scots Language.
Dughalach, Ailein, 1829, Orain, Marbhrannan, agus Duanagan, Ghaidhealach (Inbheirnis: Alastair Mac-an-Tòisich).
Dunbar, Ciarán, 2012, Cnuasach Focal as Oirialla (Baile Átha Cliath: Coiscéim).
Dwelly, Edward, [1911], 1988, The Illustrated Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th edn, Glasgow: Gairm Publications; 1st pub. 1901–11).
Dwelly App.: Dwelly, Edward, compiler, 1991, Appendix to Dwelly’s Gaelic-English Dictionary, ed. Douglas Clyne, completed by Derick Thomson (Glasgow: Gairm Publications).
Early Irish Glossaries Database.
ECC: Eachdraidh le Càirdeas is Cridhe: Ainmean-àite ceann a tuath Leòdhais: Nis gu Baile an Truiseil/History with Heart and Soul: The place-names of north Lewis: Ness to Ballantrushal (Stornoway: Acair, 2020).
ecclegen: Ministers of the Free Church of Scotland 1843–1900.
EDDo: EDD Online 4.0, based on Joseph Wright’s English Dialectal Dictionary (1898–1905) (Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck).
eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language.
EEBO-TCP: An Biobla Naomhtha, see An Biobla Naomhtha.
Egan, Pierce, 1823, [Francis] Grose’s Classical Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue (London; 1st pub. 1785).
Eiríks saga rauða: in Skálholtsbók: 27r–35v.
Enevales an mor: Natur Gernewek: Enevales an mor, gans John Ellery Gillingham.
Evans, Emrys, 1969, ‘The Irish Dialect of Urris’, Lochlann IV, 1–130.
Falk, Hjalmar, 1912, ‘Altnordisches Seewesen’, Wörter und Sachen 4, 1–122.
Falk, Hjalmar, 1919, Altwestnordische Kleiderkunde, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Terminologie, Videnskapsselskapets Skrifter II, Hist.-Filos. Klasse 1918, No. 3 (Kristiania: Jacob Dybwad).
Farewell, James, 1689, The Irish Hudibras, or, Fingallian prince taken from the sixth book of Virgil’s Æneids, and adapted to the present times (London: Richard Baldwin).
Farren, G[eorge] P., 1946, ‘Local Irish Names of Fishes’, reprinted from The Irish Naturalists’ Journal VIII, Nos. 9–12.
Farren, Robert, 2014, ‘Old Norse Loanwords in Modern Irish: Semantic domains, polysemy and causes of semantic change’, Bachelor thesis, General Linguistics, University of Lund.
Fergusson, Charles, 1885, ‘The Gaelic Names of Birds Part I’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XI, 240–60.
Fergusson, Charles, 1886, ‘The Gaelic Names of Birds Part II’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XII, 28–93.
Fernaig Manuscript, see MacFarlane 1923.
FEW: Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch.
Fischer, Frank, 1909, ‘Die Lehnwörter des Altwestnordischen’, Palaestra, Untersuchungen und Texte aus der Deutschen und Englischen Philologie 85, 1–233.
Forbes, Alexander Robert, 1905, Gaelic Names of Beasts (Mammalia), Birds, Fishes, Insects, Reptiles etc. (Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, and Norman MacLeod).
Forbes, Alexander Robert, 1923, Place-Names of Skye and Adjacent Islands: With lore, mythical, traditional and historical (Paisley: Alexander Gardner).
Forte, A[ngelo] D. M., 2007, ‘ “Ane Horss Turd?” Sir John Skene of Curriehill: A Gaelic-speaking lawyer in the courts of James VI?’, Scottish Gaelic Studies XXIII, 21–51.
Fraser, Ian [A.], 1978, ‘Norse and Gaelic Coastal Terminology in the Western Isles’, Northern Studies XI, 3–16.
Fraser, I[an] A., 1979, ‘The Norse Element in Sutherland Place Names’, Scottish Literary Journal: A review of Scottish language and literature Supplement 9, 17–27.
Fraser, Ian A., 1999, The Place-Names of Arran (The Arran Society of Glasgow).
Garvie, Ellen I., 1999, Gaelic Names of Plants, Fungi & Animals (An Teanga, Slèite: Clò Ostaig).
Gillies, Eoin, 1786, Sean Dàin agus Orain Ghaidhealach (Peairt).
Gillies, H. Cameron, 1906, The Place-Names of Argyll (London: David Nutt).
Gillies, William, 2018, ‘Iceberg Tip or Floating Island? The Harlaw “Brosnachadh” Revisited’, Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium 38, 1–46.
GK: Gerlyver Kernewek.
Gleasure, James, 1973, ‘Varia III: More on (s)beach/(s)meach’, Ériu XXIV, 186–91.
‘Glossary of Stornoway Slang: Words with a variety of origins’. (1.) This a list of Hebridean English words and phrases associated with Stornoway usage, contained on a single (recto) page of a newspaper with the running header ‘Metagama Gazette [p.] 19’; no date is given. The SS Metagama set sail from Stornoway on 21 April 1923 with 300 Lewismen with an average age of 22 on board bound for Canada (Hebridean Connections 27104). Whether the list was originally intended as a momento of this occasion is not known; there may be no link. (2.) A small advertisment on the right-hand side of the title on the front page of The Portrona Gazette (edited by Muriel Ann MacLeod and, although dated Saturday 27 July 1896, apparently produced for a theatre production during the 1990s) announces the ‘Glossary of Stornoway Slang back page’, but this was not the same glossary (pers. comm. Maighread Stiùbhart).
GOC 1: Gaelic Orthographic Conventions (to be used in the Board’s question papers in and after 1985; to be used by candidates in and after 1988) (Dalkeith: Scottish Certificate of Education: Certificate of Sixth Year Studies, 1981).
Goodrich-Freer, A[da], 1897, ‘The Norsemen in the Hebrides’, Saga-Book of the Viking Club II, 1897–1900, 51–74.
Goodrich-Freer, A[da], 1902, Outer Isles (Westminster: Archibald Constable & Co. Ltd).
Gordon, Bridget, 1963, ‘Some Norse Place-names in Trotternish, Isle of Skye’, Scottish Gaelic Studies X, Pt I, 82–112.
Gordon, Seton Paul, 1923, Hebridean Memories (Cassell).
GPC: Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymraeg/A Dictionary of the Welsh Language.
Graham, H. D., 1890, The Birds of Iona and Mull, ed. J. A. Harvie-Brown (Edinburgh: David Douglas).
Grannd, Seumas, 2000, The Gaelic of Islay: A comparative study (Aberdeen: Department of Celtic, University of Aberdeen).
Grannd, Seumas, 2013, Gàidhlig Dhùthaich Mhic Aoidh/The Gaelic of the Mackay Country Dialect and Vocabulary (Taigh na Gàidhlig Mhealanais).
Grant, Alison Elizabeth, 2003, ‘Scandinavian Place-names in Northern Britain as Evidence for Language Contact and Interaction’, unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Glasgow.
Grant, James H. [= Grannd, Seumas], 1987, ‘The Gaelic of Islay: Phonology, lexicon and linguistic context’, 2 vols, unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Aberdeen.
Grant, James [= Grannd, Seumas], 2000, ‘The Gaelic of Strathspey and Its Relationship with Other Dialects’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness LXI, 71–115.
Greene, David, 1972, ‘The Chariot as Described in Irish Literature’, in Charles Thomas, ed., The Iron Age in the Irish Sea Province, Council for British Archaeology Research Report 9, 59–74.
Greene, David, 1976, ‘The Influence of Scandinavian on Irish’, in Bo Almqvist and David Greene, eds, Proceedings of the Seventh Viking Congress, Dublin 15–21 August 1973 (London: Viking Society for Northern Research), 75–81.
Greene, David, 1978, ‘The Evidence of Language and Place-Names in Ireland’, in Thorsten Andersson and Karl Inge Sandred, eds, The Vikings: Proceedings of the symposium of the Faculty of Arts of Uppsala University June 6–9, 1977 (Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell International), 119–23.
Greene, David, 1983, ‘Cró, crú and similar words’, Celtica XV, 1–9.
Grimble, Ian, 1999, The World of Rob Donn (2nd edn, Edinburgh: Saltire Society).
Gunn, The Rev. Adam, 1900, ‘Unpublished Songs of the Reay Country’, Celtic Monthly VIII, 62–64, 87–88.
Gunn, The Rev. Adam, 1901, ‘Unpublished Literary Remains of the Reay Country’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XXIV, 5–28.
Gunn, The Rev. Adam, and Malclom Mac Farlane, 1899, eds, Songs and Poems by Rob Donn Mackay (Glasgow: John Mackay).
Hamilton, John Noel, 1974, A Phonetic Study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal, Studies in Irish Language and Literature (Belfast: Department of Celtic, QUB).
Hardiman, James, ed., 1846, A Chorographical Description of West or H-Iar Connaught, Written A.D. 1684 ... by Roderic O’Flaherty (The Irish Archaeological Society).
Harris, M. P., and S. Murray, 1989, Birds of St Kilda (London: HMSO; 1st pub. in 1978 by the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology).
[?Harris, Walter], 1744, The Ancient and Present State of the County of Down (Dublin).
Harvie-Brown, J. A., and T. E. Buckley, 1888, A Vertebrate Fauna of the Outer Hebrides (Edinburgh: David Douglas).
Hatzfeld, Adolphe, and Arsène Darmesteter, with the assistance of Antoine Thomas, 1895, Dictionnaire Général de la Langue Française du Commencement du XVIIe Siècle jusqu'à Nos Jours, 2 vols (Paris: Librairie Ch. Delagrave, 1890–1895).
Haugen, Einar, 1950, ‘The Analysis of Linguistic Borrowing, Language 26, No. 2, 210–31.
Haugen, Einar, 1976, The Scandinavian Languages: An introduction to their history (London).
Haugen, Einar, 1984, Norsk-engelsk ordbok/Norwegian-English Dictionary (Bergen, Oslo, Stavanger, Tromsø: Universitetsforlaget).
Hemon, Roparz, 1973, Nouveau Dictionnaire Breton-Français (5e édition; Brest: Al Liamm).
Henderson, George, ed., 1896, Dàin Iain Ghobha: The poems of John Morison, 2 vols (2nd edn., Glasgow: Archibald Sinclair, Edinburgh: Norman MacLeod).
Henderson, George, 1910, The Norse Influence on Celtic Scotland (Glasgow: James MacLehose & Sons).
Hennessey, William M., 1871, Review of The Poems of Ossian (1870), The Academy II, (1 August 1871) pp. 365–67 and (15 August 1871) pp. 390–94.
Henry, P. L., 1959, ‘The Goblin Group’, Études Celtiques VIII:2, 404–16.
Hewison, James King, 1893, The Isle of Bute in Olden Times (Edinburgh and London: William Blackwood and Sons).
Holliday, John, 2016 (2nd edn 2021), Longships on the Sand: Scandinavian and medieval settlement on the island of Tiree: a place-name study (Scarinish: An Iodhlann Press); 2nd edn entitled Longships on the Sand: Viking and later medieval settlement on the island of Tiree.
Holmer, Nils M., 1938, Studies on Argyllshire Gaelic, K. Humanistiske Vetenskaps-Samfundet i Uppsala 31:1. (Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksells Boktryckeri A.B., Leipzig: Otto Harrossowitz).
Holmer, Nils M., 1942, The Irish Language in Rathlin Island, Co. Antrim, Royal Irish Academy Todd Lecture Series Vol. XVII (Dublin: The Royal Irish Academy).
Holmer, Nils M., 1957, The Gaelic of Arran (Dublin: The Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
Holmer, Nils M., 1962, The Gaelic of Kintyre (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
HSS: The Highland Society of Scotland, 1848, Dictionarium Scoto-Celticum: A Dictionary of the Gaelic Language ... , 2 vols (Edinburgh and London: Highland Society of Scotland).
Hunter, James, 2019, The Making of the Crofting Community (repr. of the 2018 edn; Edinburgh: Birlinn Origin).
Indrebø, Gustav, 1951, Norsk Målsoga (Bergen).
Iversen, Ragnvald, 1973, Norrøn grammatikk (7th edn, Oslo; 1st pub. Kristiania 1922).
Jackson, Kenneth Hurlstone, 1955, Contributions to the Study of Manx Phonology (Edinburgh ...: Thomas Nelson and Sons Limited for the University of Edinburgh).
Jackson, Kenneth [Hurlstone], 1968, ‘The Breaking of Original Long ē in Scottish Gaelic’, in James Carney and David Greene, eds, Celtic Studies: Essays in memory of Angus Matheson 1912–1962 (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul), 65–71.
Jackson, Kenneth [Hurlstone], 1972, The Gaelic Notes in the Book of Deer (Cambridge University Press).
Jackson, K[enneth], H[urlstone], 1980, ‘The Pictish Language’, in F. T. Wainwright, The Problem of the Picts (Perth: Melven Press; 1st pub. 1955), 129–66.
Jackson, K[enneth], H[urlstone], 1983, ‘Loanwords, British and Pictish’, in Derick S. Thomson, ed., The Companion to Gaelic Scotland (Oxford: Blackwell), 151–52.
Jackson, Kenneth, [Hurlstone], ed., 1990, Cath Maighe Léna (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies; 1st pub. 1938).
Jakobsen, Jakob, 1897, The Dialect and Place Names of Shetland (Lerwick: Manson).
Jakobsen, Jakob, 1928, An Etymological Dictionary of the Norn Language in Shetland, 2 vols (London & Copenhagen, Vol. I 1928, Vol. II 1932; 1st pub. as Etymologisk Ordbog over det norrøne sprog på Shetland, 2 vols (Copenhagen: Vilhelm Prior, 1908–1921)).
Jakobsen, Jakob, 1936, The Place-Names of Shetland (London and Copenhagen: David Nutt & Vilhelm Prior).
Jamieson, John, 1808, An Etymological Dictionary of the Scots Language, 2 vols (Edinburgh: W. Creech).
Johnson, Samuel, 1755, A Dictionary of the English Language, 2 vols (London: W. Strahan).
Johnston, Paul, 1997, ‘Older Scots Phonology and Its Regional Variation’, in Charles Jones, ed., The Edinburgh History of the Scots Language (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press), 47–111.
Jonsson, Erik, 1863, Oldnordisk Ordbog (Kjöbenhavn: J. D. Quist).
Joyce, P. W., 1896, The Origin and History of Irish Names of Places II (Dublin: M. H. Gill and Son).
Joynt, Maud, 1941, Tromdámh Guaire (Dublin: The Stationery Office).
Keating 1631: see Atkinson 1890.
Kelly, Fergus, 1990, ‘A Note on Old Irish círmaire’, Celtica XXI, 231–33.
Kelly, Fergus, 2000 (1st reprint), 2023 (3rd reprint), Early Irish Farming: A study based mainly on the law-texts of the 7th and 8th centuries AD (Dublin: School of Celtic Studies Dublin, Institute for Advanced Studies; 1st pub. 1997).
Kelly, Fergus, 2007, ‘Onomatopeic Interjections in Early Irish’, Celtica XXV, 88–107.
Y Kelly, Juan, 1866, Fockleyr Gailckagh as Baarlagh (Douglas: The Manx Society).
Kelly, Phil, 1991, Fockleyr Gaelg-Baarle, reproduced as Fockleyreen: Manx–English Dictionary.
Kennedy, John, 1897, ‘Arran Gaelic Dialect’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XX (1894–96), 126–41.
Kidd, Sheila M., 2016, Còmhraidhean nan Cnoc: The nineteenth-century Gaelic prose dialogue (Glasgow: Scottish Gaelic Texts Society).
King, Jacob, with Eilidh Scammell/King, Iacob, le Eilidh Sgaimeal, [2017], A’ Ghàidhlig air Aghaidh na Tìre: Ainmean-àite Cholbhasa agus Orasa/Gaelic in the Landscape: Place-names of Colonsay and Oronsay (Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba and Scottish Natural Heritage).
King, Jacob, ed., 2019, Scottish Gaelic Place-Names: The collected works of Charles M. Robertson 1864–1927 (Sleat: Clò Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba).
King, Jacob, with Liam Crouse/King, Iacob, le Liam Crouse, [2019], A’ Ghàidhlig air Aghaidh na Tìre: Ainmean-àite Èirisgeidh/Gaelic in the Landscape: Place-names of Eriskay (Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba and Scottish Natural Heritage).
Kirby, J. E., with Tearlach MacFarlane, Alistair MacIntyre, Catriona Hunter, Joan Madden and Marilyn Gascoigne, 2015, The Lost Place-Names of Ardnamurchan and Moidart, The Garbh-Chrìochan a’ Deas Lost Place-Names Survey Vol. II.
Kirk, Robert, 1690, see An Biobla Naomhtha (1690).
Kirk, Robert, 1702, ‘A Vocabulary of the Irish Dialect, spoken by the Highlanders of Scotland ...’, in Campbell 1938.
Kneen, J[ohn] J., 1904, ‘Manx Names of Fish and Shell Fish’, Manx Notes and Queries, Note 31 (Douglas: S. K. Broadbent & Co. Ltd).
Kneen, J[ohn] J., 1978, English-Manx Pronouncing Dictionary (Douglas: Yn Cheshaght Ghailckagh; 1st. pub. 1938).
Krause, Corinna, 2007, ‘Eadar Dà Chànan: Self-translation, the bilingual edition and modern Scottish Gaelic poetry’, unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Edinburgh.
LASID: Linguistic Atlas and Survey of Irish Dialects, 4 vols: Vols I–III ed. Heinrich Wagner, Vol. IV ed. Heinrich Wagner and Colm Ó Baoill (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1st pub. 1954–1969). [For an index of the Scottish Gaelic material in LASID IV, see Ó Baoill, Colm, ed., 2012, Scottish Gaelic in Wagner’s Survey of Irish Dialects (Aberdeen: Forum for Research on the Languages of Scotland and Ulster).]
Leabhar nah’Urnuigh Choitchionn (Dùn Eideann: Clo’ bhuailte le J. Moir, 1794).
LearnGaelic: Dictionary.
Leòdhasach, 1897, ‘Seann Eachdraidh Leodhais’, Mac-Talla VI, No. 13, 102–03.
Lewin, Christopher, 2019, ‘Aspects of the Historical Phonology of Manx’, unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Edinburgh.
Lewis, Henry, and Holger Pedersen, 1937, A Concise Comparative Celtic Grammar (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht).
Lhuyd, Edward, 1700: Edward Lhuyd’s Scottish Gaelic translation of John Ray’s 1675 Dictionariolum Trilingue, probably made in Campbelltown in 1700, in John Lorne Campbell and Derick S. Thomson, eds, Edward Lhuyd in the Scottish Highlands 1699–1700 (Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1963).
Lhuyd, Edward, 1707, Archæologica Britannica (Oxford).
Loch Aillse, 1873, ‘Brasailte’, An Gàidheal I, 259–60.
Lockwood, W. B., 1961, The Faroese Bird Names (København: Ejnar Munksgaard).
Lockwood, W. B., 1962, ‘Varia: Scottish Gaelic ucas, ucsa (ugsa), a Scandinavian Loan’, Scottish Gaelic Studies IX, Pt 2, 128–31.
Lockwood, W. B., 1963, ‘Etymological Varia’, Scottish Gaelic Studies X, Pt I, 52–61.
Lockwood, W. B., 1966, ‘Noa Terms of the Gaelic Fishermen’, Scottish Gaelic Studies XI, Pt I, 85–99.
Lockwood, W. B., 1968, ‘More on Faroese Bird Names’, Fróðskaparrit 16, 102–08.
Lockwood, W. B., 1971, ‘Some Gaelic Etymologies’, Scottish Gaelic Studies XII, Pt I, 22–29.
Lockwood, W. B., 1972, ‘Faroese Bird-Name Origins (III)’, Fróðskaparrit 20, 43–53.
Lockwood, W. B., 1976, ‘Ptarmigan and Other Gaelic Names’, Scottish Gaelic Studies XII, Pt II, 275–76.
Lockwood, W. B., 1978, ‘The Philology of “auk” and Related Matters’, Neuphilologische Mitteilungen 79, No. 4, 391–97.
Lockwood, W. B., 1984, The Oxford Book of British Bird Names (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press).
Loth, J[oseph], 1892, ‘Mélanges III: Fine, fiann, gwen’, Revue Celtique XIII, 506–08.
Lucas, A. T., 1966, ‘Irish-Norse Relations: Time for a reappraisal?’, Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society 71, Nos. 213–14, 62–75.
Lucas, A. T., 1968, ‘Irish-Norse Relations’, Journal of the Old Wexford Society 1, 17–19.
Lúcás, Leaslaoi U., 1986, Cnuasach Focal as Ros Goill (Baile Átha Cliath: Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann).
Macafee, Caroline, 1996, A Concise Ulster Dictionary (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Macafee, Caroline, 2003, ‘The Phonology of Older Scots’, in John Corbett, J. Derrick McClure and Jane Stuart-Smith, eds, The Edinburgh Companion to Scots (Edinburgh University Press), 138–69.
Macafee, Caroline, incorporating material by the late A. J. Aitken, ‘History of Scots to 1700’, DSL.
Mac Airt, Sean, 1956, ‘Lexical Notes’, Celtica III, 262–71.
Macalister, Robert A. S., and John Mac Neill, 1916 Leabhar Gabhála Érenn/The Book of the Conquest of Ireland: The recension of Mícheál Ó Cléirigh [1631] I, ed. (Dublin: University College).
McAlpine, Neil, [1832] 1975, Pronouncing Gaelic-English Dictionary (Glasgow: Gairm; 1st pub. 1832).
Mhac an Fhailigh, Éamonn, 1980, The Irish of Erris, Co. Mayo: A phonemic study (Dublin: The Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
Mac an Iomaire, Séamas, 1985, Cladaí Chonamara (Baile Átha Cliath; 1st pub. 1938).
Mac-an-Rabhd, 1954, ‘Aig an Dùn Mhònach’, Gairm 10, 176–79.
Mac-an-Tuairneir, Paruig, 1813, Comhchruinneacha de dh’ Orain Taghta Ghaidhealach (Duneidionn).
MacAonghuis, Iain, 1971, ‘An Sgeilp Leabhraichean’, Gairm 77, 81–96: 92–96.
MacArthur, Mairi, 2022, ‘Culdamh and the Camus: Which came first?’, in Iona’s Namescape: Place-names and their dynamics in Iona and its environs, University of Glasgow.
MacAskill, Alex J., 1966, ‘Differences in Dialect, Vocabulary, and General Idiom between the Islands’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XLIII, 64–88.
Macaulay, Donald, 1972, ‘Studying the Place Names of Bernera’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XLVII, 313–37.
Macaulay, Kenneth, 1764, The History of St Kilda (London: T. Becket and P. A. De Hondt).
MacBain, Alexander, 1892, ‘Gaelic Incantations’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XVII, 222–66.
MacBain, Alexander, 1894a, ‘Glossary of Unpublished Etymologies’ [by the Rev. Alexander Cameron], in Alexander MacBain and the Rev. John Kennedy, eds, Reliquiæ Celticæ II (Inverness: Northern Counties Newspaper and Printing and Publishing Company), 615–48.
MacBain, Alexander, 1894b, ‘The Gaelic Dialect of Badenoch’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XVII–XVIII, 79–96.
MacBain, Alexander, 1895, ‘The Norse Element in the Topography of the Highlands and Islands’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XIX, 217–45.
MacBain, Alexander, 1896 & 1911, An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language (Stirling: Eneas Mackay; 2nd edn 1911).
MacBain, Alexander, 1922, Place Names – Highlands and Islands of Scotland, with notes and a foreward by W. J. Watson (Stirling).
[MacCallum, Duncan], 1821, Co-chruinneacha Dhàn, Orain etc. (Inbhirnis: Seumais Friseal).
Mac Coinnich, Aonghas, 1867, Eachdraidh na h-Alba (Glascho: G. Mac-na-Ceardaich).
MacCoinnich, Aonghas, 2015, Plantation and Civility in the North Atlantic World: The case of the Hebrides, 1570–1639 (Leiden and Boston: Brill).
MacCoinnich, Cailein T., 1963, ‘An Galair’, Gairm 42, 171–86.
MacCoinnich, Domhnall, 1964, ‘Air lorg nan Eun an Leodhus IV’, Gairm 47, 206–11.
MacCoinnich, Uilleam, n.d., Briathrachas Leigheis (Slèite: Sabhal Mòr Ostaig).
Mac Coinnich, Uilleam, 1899, ‘Air Chuairt ’sa Ghaidhealtachd’, Mac-Talla VII, No. 40, 314–15.
McCone, Kim R., 1987, ‘Hund, Wolf und Krieger bei den Indogermanen’, in W. Meid, ed., Studien zum indogermanischen Wortschatz (Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft), 101–54.
MacDiarmid, Hugh, 1941, The Birlinn of Clanranald (St Andrews: The Abbey Bookshop, 1935); reprinted in The Golden Treasury of Scottish Poetry (London: Macmillan).
Mac-Dhonuill, Alastair, 1751, Ais-éiridh na Sean Chánoin Albannaich (Duneidiunn; 1834: Glascho).
MacDhomhnuill, Domhnull, 1920, Bard Bharbhais: Dàin, òrain is sgeulachdan (Glaschu: Alasdair Mac Labhruinn is a Mhic).
MacDomhnuill, Alastair, 1741, Leabhar a Theagasc Ainminnin: no, a Nuadhfhocloir Gaoidheilg & Beurla (Dun-Edin).
Mac-Dhomhnuill, Alasdair, 1834, Aiseiridh na Sean Chànain Albanaich (Glascho: Muir, Gobhan agus an Cuideachd).
MacDomhnuill, Raonuill, 1776, Comh-chruinneachidh Orannaigh Gaidhealach I (Duneidiunn: Walter Ruddiman).
McDonald, The Rev. Fr Allan, [1972], Gaelic Words and Expressions from South Uist and Eriskay, ed. J[ohn] L[orne] Campbell (Oxford; 1st pub. 1958).
MacDonald, The Rev. Angus, and the Rev. Archibald MacDonald, 1924, The Poems of Alexander MacDonald (Inverness: Northern Counties Newspaper and Printing and Publishing Company, Limited).
MacDonald, C. R., 1886, ‘St Kilda: Its Inhabitants and the Diseases Peculiar to Them’, The British Medical Journal 2, No. 1334 (July 24, 1886), 160–63.
MacDonald, Duncan, 1927, Gnàthasan Càinnte Gàidhlig: Gaelic idioms and expressions (Stornoway: The Gazette Office).
MacDonald, Duncan, 1946, ‘Some Rare Words and Phrases’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XXXVII, 1–54.
MacDonald, Murdoch, with Alice Maclennan and Donald MacDonald, 2018, The Place-Names of Loch Torridon (Inverness: For the Right Reasons).
McDonald, Roderick W., 2009, ‘Scandinavians in the Celtic West: Loanword evidence and social impact’, PhD thesis, University of Sydney.
McDonald, Roderick W., 2015, ‘Vikings in the Hebridean Economy: Methodology and Gaelic language evidence of Scandinavian influence’, Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 62:1, 9–182.
McDonald, Roderick W., 2015b, ‘Outsiders, Vikings and Merchants: The context dependency of the Gall-Ghaidheil in Medieval Ireland and Scotland’, Journal of the Australian Early Medieval Association 11.
MacDonald/Comhairle na Gàidhealtachd: A list of place-names collected by Jo MacDonald for Comhairle na Gàidhealtachd, submitted to Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba in PDF format: Ainmean-Aite Mhanais - Paipear-taice 1.pdf; no date.
MacDougall, The Rev. J[ames], ed., 1891, Waifs and Strays of Celtic Tradition III (London: David Nutt).
MacEachen 1842: Mac Eachainn, Eobhan, Faclair Gàilig us Beurla (Peirt: R. Morison, 1862 [leg. 1842]; 2nd edn 1902, 3rd 1906, 4th 1922).
Mac Farlan, Robert, 1795, A New Alphabetical Vocabulary, Gailic and English (Edinburgh: John Moir).
Mac Farlane, Malcolm, 1912, The School Gaelic Dictionary (Stirling: Eneas Mackay).
MacFarlane, Malcolm, 1923, Làmh-Sgrìobhainn Mhic Rath: Dòrlach laoidhean do sgrìobhadh le Donnchadh Mac Rath, 1688/A handful of lays written by Duncan Mac Rae, 1688 (Dun-De: Calum S. Mac Leòid).
MacFarlane, P[atrick], 1815, A New and Copious Vocabulary, in Two Parts: The first part consisting of English and Gaelic; the second, of Gaelic and English (Edinburgh: Constable and Co.).
MacFhearghuis, Calum, 1983, Suileabhan: Sgeulachdan à eachdraidh-beatha Iain MhicLeòid (1889–1956) (Glaschu: Gairm).
MacFhearghuis, Calum, 1995, Hiort: Far na laigh a’ ghrian (Steòrnabhagh: Acair).
MacFhearghuis, Calum, 2014, Casan Searraich/Sunbeams in Memory: Memories of the life and times of Calum MacFhearghuis (Steòrnabhagh: Acair).
Mac Gabhann, Fiachra, 2014, Logainmneacha Mhaigh Eo 1: Barúntacht Bhuiríos Umhaill (Coiscéim).
MacGill-Eain, Tormod, 2005, Dacha Mo Ghaoil (Inverness: CLÀR).
MacGill-Eain, Tormod, ‘Saoghal Thormoid: Tuesday – Education’, Guthan nan Eilean.
MacGillEathain, Dòmnhall Iain, 1988, Buth Ailig (An Teanga: Clò Ostaig).
Mac Gille Sheathanaich, Niall, 1917, ‘Cuairt anns an Fhrith’, An Ròsarnach I, 171–91.
Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon, 2009, Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas (Téacsleabhar) (Scoil an Léinn Cheiltigh, Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath).
Mac Giollarnáth, Seán, 1934, Peadar Chois Fhairrge (Baile Átha Cliath).
MacGregor, The Rev. Alexander [Alasdair Ruadh (Kidd 2016, 29)], 1874, ‘Còmhradh eadar Murachadh Bàn agus Coinneach Cìobair’, An Gàidheal III, Àir. 33, 273–77.
MacGregor, Neil, 1997, ‘Gaelic in Strathspey’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness LIX, 488–606.
MacilleBhàin, Iain [= John Whyte from Easdale], 1881, ‘Cumha Dha’idh’, in Fionn [= Henry Whyte], ed., The Celtic Garland of Gaelic Songs and Readings (Glasgow: Archibald Sinclair), 253–56.
MacilleDhuibh, Raghnall: see Ronald Black.
MacIntosh, Donald, 1785, A Collection of Gaelic Proverbs, and Familiar Phrases (Edinburgh; 2nd edn 1819).
MacIntyre, Donald, 1968, Sporan Dhòmhnaill: Gaelic poems and songs (Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd for the Scottish Gaelic Texts Society).
Mac Iomhair, Murchadh, 1910, ‘Prize Papers: “Tigh nan Cailleachan Dubha”’, The People’s Journal (7 January 1910).
MacIver, D., 1934, Place-Names of Lewis and Harris (Stornoway).
Mackay, J. G., 1922, ‘Social Life in Skye from Legend and Story. Part II’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XXIX, 335–50.
Mackay, Neil, 1897, 'The Influence of the Norse Invasion on the Language and Literature of the Scottish Highlands', Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XX, 78–103.
Mckay, Patrick, 2007, A Dictionary of Ulster Place-Names (2nd edn; Belfast: Cló Ollscoil na Banríona).
Mackay, Robert, 1829, Songs and Poems, in the Gaelic Language (Inverness: Kenneth Douglas).
MacKenzie, Annie M., 1964, Orain Iain Luim: Songs of John MacDonald, Bard of Keppoch (Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd for the Scottish Gaelic Texts Society).
Mackenzie, The Rev. J. B., ed., 1911, Episode in the Life of the Rev. Neil Mackenzie at St Kilda from 1829 to 1843 (Privately printed; John Simpson, Printer, Aberfeldy).
Mackenzie, John, 1841, Sàr-Obair nam Bard Gaelach (Glasgow: MacGregor, Polson & Co.).
Mackenzie, John, 1847, ‘An English-Gaelic Dictionary: Being the second part of the Pronouncing Gaelic Dictionary [= McAlpine; from the 3rd edn, 1847]’.
Mackenzie, The Rev. Neil, 1906, ‘Bardachd Irteach’, Celtic Review II, 327–42.
Mackenzie, Kenneth, 1910, ‘Lewis Place-Names, and Relics of the Norse Language in Lewis Speech’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XXVI, 368–87.
Mackenzie, The Rev. Neil, 1905, ‘Notes on the Birds of St Kilda’, Annals of Scottish Natural History, 75–80, 141–53.
MacKenzie, W[illiam] C[ook], 1931, Scottish Place-Names (London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. Ltd).
Mackinnon, [Professor] Donald, 1907, ‘Book Review’ [of Gillies 1906], Celtic Review III, 83–94.
Mackinnon, Professor [Donald], 1886, ‘On the Dialects of Scottish Gaelic’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Scottish Gaelic XII, 345–67.
Mackinnon, Professor [Donald], The Scotsman, 12/7/1887.
MacKinnon, Kenneth, 2007, ‘Gaelic’, in David Britain, ed., Language in the British Isles (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 200–17.
McLagan Collection: McL 15, cited in Thomson 1996b, 157 [‘Birlinn Chlann Raghnaill’]; McL 9: GB 247 MS Gen 1042/9, pp. 18–21, Sub-item, ’S ann an tigh Chroma-ghlinn n’an clach, 17-- [Ossianic verse]; McL 168: GB 247 MS Gen 1042/168, folios 1–2r, Sub-item, An t-athach Iunadh, 17-- [Ossianic verse].
McLauchlan, The Rev. Thomas, 1862, The Dean of Lismore’s Book (Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas).
McLaughlin, Roisin, 2008, Early Irish Satire (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
Maclean, Charles, 1997, The Isle of Mull: Placenames, meanings and stories (Dumfries: Maclean Publications).
MacLennan, John, 2001, Place-Names of Scarp, ed. Calum J. Mackay (Stornoway: The Stornoway Gazette).
MacLennan, Malcolm, 1925, A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language (Edinburgh: John Grant).
MacLeod, A[ngus], 1933, Sàr Orain: Three Gaelic poems (Glasgow: An Comunn Gaidhealach).
MacLeod, Angus, 1978, The Songs of Duncan Ban Macintyre/Orain Dhonnchaidh Bhàin (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press for the Scottish Gaelic Texts Society; 1st pub. 1952).
MacLeod, Donald John, 1999, Faclan Ùra Gàidhlig, Ùghdarraichte airson an Cleachdadh anns na Sgoiltean (SRG).
MacLeod, George (Seòras Chaluim Sheòrais), [2005], Muir is Tìr ([Steòrnabhagh]: Acair).
Macleod, Iseabail, ed., with Pauline Cairns, Caroline Macafee and Ruth Martin, 1990, The Scots Thesaurus (Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press).
MacLeod, The Rev. Dr Norman [anonymous, but see Kidd 2016, 29], 1840, ‘Còmhradh eadar Fionnla Pìobaire agus Para Mòr’, Cuairtear nan Gleann I, 9–12.
MacLeod, The Rev. Dr Norman, and the Rev. Dr Daniel Dewar, 1831, A Dictionary of the Gaelic Language (Glasgow: W. R. McPhun).
MacLeòid, Ruaraidh, 1976, Bith-Eòlas: A’ chealla, gintinneachd is mean-fhàs, air eadar-theangadh le Ruaraidh MacThòmais (Glaschu: Gairm Publications).
MacLeòid, Seumas, 1923, Cailin Sgiathanach no Faodalach na h-Abaid (Glaschu: Alasdair MacLabhruinn is a Mhic).
MacLeòid, Tormod, 1960, ‘Tigh Còmhnaidh an Innse-Ghall 1777’, Gairm 32, 335–41.
MacLysaght, Edward, 2017, The Surnames of Ireland (6th edn; Newbridge: Irish Academic Press).
Mc Manus, Damian, 1983, ‘A Chronology of the Latin Loan-words in Early Irish’, Ériu XXXIV, 21–71.
McManus, Damian, 1984, ‘On Final Syllables in the Latin Loan-words in Early Irish’, Ériu XXXV, 137–62.
McManus, Damian, 1988, ‘Irish Letter-names and Their Kennings’, Ériu XXXIX, 127–68.
Mac Mathúna, Liam, 2001, ‘Viking and Gael Meet at Dublin Town: Complementing the archaeological record’, in Ailbhe Ó Corráin, ed., Proceedings of the Fifth Symposium of Societa Celtologica Nordica (Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis), 65–82.
Mhac Meanman, Seaghán, 1940, Ó Chamhaoir go Clap-Sholas (Dublin: Oifig an tSoláthair).
Mac-na-Ceàrdadh, Gilleasbuig, 1879, An t-Òranaiche (Glasgow: Archibald Sinclair and Robert McGregor & Co.).
MacNeacail, Aonghas, 1996, A Proper Schooling and Other Poems/Oideachadh Ceart agus Dàin Eile (Edinburgh: Polygon).
MacNeil, Joe Neil, 1987, Sgeul gu Latha/Tales until Dawn: The world of a Cape Breton Gaelic story-teller, ed. John Shaw (Kingston, Ontario: McGill-Queen’s University Press).
McNeill, Murdoch, 1910, Colonsay: One of the Hebrides (Edinburgh: David Douglas).
MacNicol Collection: NLS Acc.2152/16, folios 5v-6v, ‘An tathach Iunigh’ [Ossianic verse].
Macniven, Alan, 2006, ‘The Norse in Islay: A settlement historical case-study for medieval Scandinavian activity in western maritime Scotland’, unpublished PhD thesis, University of Edinburgh.
Macniven, Alan, 2013, ‘“Borgs”, Boats and the Beginnings of Islay’s Medieval Parish Network?’, Northern Studies 45, 68–99.
MacPhàrlain, Murchadh, [1973], An Toinneamh Dìomhair (Steòrnabhagh: Gasaet Steòrnabhaigh).
MacPhàrlain, P[àdraig], 1813, Co’-chruinneachadh de dh’Orain agus de Luinneagaibh Thaghta Ghae’lach, Maille Ris an Treas Duan de Sgeulachd na Tròidhe air a chuir an Gaelig o’n Ghrèugais, &, &. (Dun-Eudainn: clo-bhuailte le T. Stiubhart).
MacPherson, John, 1945, ‘The Gaelic Dialect of North Uist’, unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Edinburgh.
MacQuarrie, Duncan M., 1983, The Placenames of Mull (Tobermory).
McRury, The Rev. Mr, 1889, ‘Teann Sios a Dhomhuill Oig’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XIV, 101–11.
Mac Sithigh, Tomás, 1984, Paróiste an Fheirtéaraigh (Baile Átha Cliath).
Mac-Talla I–XII (Sidni, 1892–1904).
Mark, Colin, 2004, The Gaelic-English Dictionary/Am Faclair Gàidhlig-Beurla (Oxford: Routledge).
Marstrander, Carl J. S., 1910, ‘Hibernica’, Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie VII, 357–418.
Marstrander, Carl J. S., 1915a, Bidrag til det norske sprogs historie i Irland (Kristiania: Jacob Dybwad).
Marstrander, Carl [J. S.], 1915b, ‘Tor i Irland’, Maal og Minne 1915, 80–89.
Marstrander, Carl J. S., 1916, ‘Remarques sur les Zur Keltischen Wortkunde I–VI de Kuno Meyer’, Revue Celtique XXXVI, 335–90.
Marstrander, Carl J. S., 1932, ‘Det norske Landnåm på Man’, Norsk tidsskrift for sprogvidenskap VI, 40–386.
Martin, Martin, 1698, A Late Voyage to St. Kilda (London); reprinted as A Voyage to St Kilda in Donald Monro, 1774, Description of the Western Isles of Scotland, called Hybrides; by Mr Donald Monro High Dean of the Isles, who travelled through the most of them in the year 1549 (Edinburgh: William Auld).
Martin, M[artin], 1703, A Description of the Western Islands of Scotland (London; 2nd edn 1716); facsimile of the 1st edn in Michael Robson, ed., Curiosities of Art and Nature: The new annotated and illustrated edition of Martin Martin’s classic A Description of the Western Islands of Scotland (Callicvol, Lewis: The Islands Book Trust, 2003).
Marwick, Hugh, 1929, The Orkney Norn (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Marwick, Hugh, 1952, Orkney Farm-Names (Kirkwall: W. R. Mackintosh).
Matasović, Ranko, 2009, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden, Boston: Brill).
Matheson, John, 1928, Map of St Kilda or Hirta and Adjacent Islands.
Matheson, William, ed., 1938, The Songs of John MacCodrum, Bard to Sir James MacDonald of Sleat (Edinburgh: The Scottish Gaelic Texts Society).
Matheson, William, 1960, ‘Review of Gaelic Words and Expressions from South Uist and Eriskay, collected by the Rev. Fr Allan McDonald, ed. J[ohn] L[orne] Campbell (1958)’, Scottish Studies IV, 206–11.
Maxwell, Sir Herbert, 1894, Scottish Land-Names: Their origin and meaning (Edinburgh and London: William Blackwood and Sons).
MED: Middle English Dictionary.
Meek, Dòmhnall Eachann [= Meek, Donald E.], deas., 1998, Màiri Mhòr nan Òran: Taghadh de a h-òrain (Glaschu: Comann Litreachas Gàidhlig na h-Alba).
Meek, Donald E., 1997. ‘ “Norsemen and Noble Stewards”: The MacSween poem in the Book of the Dean of Lismore’, Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies 34: 1–49.
Meek, Donald E., see under Campbell 1978.
Meyer, Kuno, ed., 1885, ‘Cath Finntrága or The Battle of Ventry’, Anecdota Oxoniensia, Mediaeval and Modern Series 1.4 (Oxford: Clarendon Press).
Meyer, Kuno, 1890, ‘Loanwords in Early Irish’, Revue Celtique XI, 493–95.
Meyer, Kuno, 1891, ‘Loanwords in Early Irish’, Revue Celtique XII, 461–69.
Meyer, Kuno: K. M., 1897, A review of MacBain 1896, Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie I, 357–60.
Meyer, Kuno, 1898, ‘Contributions to Irish Lexicography, A to almont’, published as a supplement to Archiv für celtische Lexikographie I; reprinted in 1906 as Contributions to Irish Lexicography I, Part 1, A–C (Halle a. S.: Max Niemeyer).
Meyer, Kuno, 1906, Contributions to Irish Lexicography I, Part 1, A–C (Halle a. S.: Max Niemeyer).
Meyer, Kuno, 1910, Fianaigecht: Being a collection of hitherto inedited Irish poems and tales relating to Finn and his Fiana, Todd Lecture Series XVI (Dublin: Hodges, Figgis & Co.).
Meyer, Kuno, 1912–19, ‘Zur Keltischen Wortkunde I–IX’, Sitzungsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Miller, Arthur W. K., and Eduard Müller, 1879–83, ‘O’Clery’s Irish Glossary’, Revue celtique IV, 349–428, and V, 1–69.
Mohr, Wolfgang, 1939, ‘Wortchatz und Motive der Jüngeren Eddalieder mit Südgermanischem Stoff’, Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum und deutsche Literatur 76:3/4, 149–217.
Moireasdan, Iain, 1952, ‘Mana an Nisich’, Gairm 2, 15–18.
Moireasdan, Pàdruig, 1977, Ugam agus Bhuam (Stornoway: Club Leabhar).
Monro 1549: see Monro 1774, also under Munro 1961.
Monro, Donald, 1774, Description of the Western Isles of Scotland, called Hybrides; by Mr Donald Monro High Dean of the Isles, who travelled through the most of them in the year 1549 (Edinburgh: William Auld).
Moore, A[rthur] W., 1903, The Book of Common Prayer in Manx Gaelic 1 (Douglas: The Manx Society).
Moore, A[rthur] W., with the cooperaton of Sophia Morrison and Edmund Goodwin, 1924, A Vocabulary of the Anglo-Manx Dialect (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Morrison, D. A., 2020, ‘Modularity and Stratification in Phonology: Evidence from Scottish Gaelic’, unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Manchester.
Morrison, Hew, ed., 1899, Songs and Poems in the Gaelic Language, by Rob Donn (Edinburgh: John Grant).
Moylan, Séamas, 1996, The Language of Kilkenny (Dublin: Geography Publications).
Munch, P. A., 1874, The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys (Douglas: The Manx Society).
Munro, James, 1843, A Practical Grammar of the Scottish Gaelic (Edinburgh: MacLachlan, Stewart & Co.).
Munro, R. W., ed., 1961, Monro’s Western Isles of Scotland (Edinburgh and London: Oliver and Boyd); this edition republished in A Description of the Western Islands of Scotland circa 1695, [and] A Voyage to St Kilda [by] Martin Martin, with A Description of the Occidental, i.e. Western Isles of Scotland [by] Donald Monro (Edinburgh: Birlinn, 1999, 2002).
Murchison, Thomas M., 1960, Prose Writings of Donald Lamont 1874–1958 (Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd for the Scottish Gaelic Texts Society).
Napier 1884: The Royal Commission of Inquiry into the Condition of Crofters and Cottars in the Highlands and Islands [The Napier Commission], Report of Her Majesty’s Commissioners of Inquiry into the Condition of the Crofters and Cottars in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland, 5 vols (1884).
Nettleship, Henry, 1889, Contributions to Latin Lexicography (Oxford: Clarendon Press).
Newton, Alfred, 1896, A Dictionary of Birds (London: Adam and Charles Black, 1893–1896).
Newton, Michael, 2014, The Naughty Little Book of Gaelic (Sydney: Cape Breton University Press).
NicAoidh, Holley, 2015, ‘Dùintean Leòdhais: Ciamar a nochdas dùintean an eilein anns a’ bheul aithris tron linn eachdraidheil’, unpublished BA thesis, University of the Highlands and Islands.
NicDhòmhnaill, Màiri Anna, 2008, Cleas Sgàthain (Inbhir Nis: Clàr).
NicFhionghuin, Marsaili, 1987a, ‘Turas gu Hiort ann an 1970 (I)’, Gairm 137, 13–20.
NicFhionghuin, Marsaili, 1987b, ‘Turas gu Hiort ann an 1970 (II)’, Gairm 138, 134–42.
Nicholls, Kenneth, 1972, Gaelic and Gaelicised Ireland in the Middle Ages (Dublin).
Nicolaisen, W. F. H., 2001, Scottish Place-Names (Edinburgh: John Donald; 1st pub. 1976).
Nicolson, Alexander, 1881, A Collection of Gaelic Proverbs and Familiar Phrases (Edinburgh: MacLachlan & Stewart); this book was last published in 1996 (the latest reprint, 2006) by Birlinn under the title Gaelic Proverbs.
NLS: National Library of Scotland.
NLS: Adv. MS 1669: Poems by Rob Donn.
NLS: MSS 3781–3784: A miscellaneous collection, chiefly Gaelic or of Gaelic interest, apparently from the library of the Rev. A. J. MacDonald, Minister of Killearnan.
NLS: Pont Maps of Scotland, c. 1583–1614.
NO: Norrøn ordbok, ed. Leiv Heggstad, Finn Hødnebø and Erik Simensen (5th edn of Gamalnorsk ordbok by Hægstad and Torp) (Oslo: Det Norske Samlaget, 2015).
NSL: Norsk stadnamnleksikon, from Jørn Sandnes and Ola Stemshaug, eds, Norsk stadnamnleksikon (4th edn; Oslo: Det Norske Samlaget, 1997).
Ó Baoill, Colm, 1978, Contributions to a Study of Ulster Irish and Scottish Gaelic (Belfast: Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast).
Ó Baoill, Colm, 1979, Bàrdachd Chloinn Ghill-Eathain/Eachann Bacach and Other Maclean Poets (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press for the Scottish Gaelic Texts Society).
Ó Baoill, Colm, 1986, ‘Kirk’s Egerton Glossary’, Scottish Gaelic Studies XIV, Pt II, 123–27.
Ó Baoill, Colm, 1990, ‘Rhyming Vowels before Long Liquids in Scottish Gaelic’, Éigse XXIV, 131–46.
Ó Baoill, Colm, 1994, ‘Gaelic Ichthyonymy: Studying the terms used for fish in Irish, Scottish Gaelic and Manx’, Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 46, 164–99.
Ó Baoill, Colm, ed., 2012, Scottish Gaelic in Wagner’s Survey of Irish Dialects (Aberdeen: Forum for Research on the Languages of Scotland and Ulster).
Ó Baoill, Colm, and Cathair Ó Dochartaigh, Trí Rainn agus Amhrán (Ceann Drochaid: Clann Tuirc).
O’Begly, Conor [Ó Beaglaoich, Conchobhar], 1732, The English Irish Dictionary. Am Focloir Bearla Gaoidheilge (Paris: Seamus Guerin).
O’Brien, J[ohn], 1832, Focaloir Gaoidhlige-Sags-Bheurla/An Irish-English Dictionary (2nd edn, Dublin: Hodges and Smith; 1st pub. 1768).
Ó Cearbhaill, Pádraig, 2007, Logainmneacha na hÉireann II: Cill i logainmneacha Co. Thiobraid Árann (Baile Átha Cliath: Oifig an tSoláthair).
O’Clery, Michael (Mícheál Ó Cléirigh), 1643, Foclóir na Sanasán Nua (Sanasán Mhíchíl Uí Chléirigh/Michael O'Clery's Glossary): see Miller and Müller 1879–83.
O’Connell, Peter, compiler, c. 1813, ‘A Glossary of Irish Words’, transcribed by Anthony O’Curry, 1843. [Not seen.]
Ó Cuinn, Cosslett, 1951, ‘Iarsmaí ó Oileán Reachrann’, Éigse VI, 248–56.
Ó Cuív, Brian, 1980, ‘Some Gaelic Traditions about the Wren’, Éigse XVIII:1, 43–66.
Ó Cuív, Brian, 1988, The Irish of West Muskerry, Co. Cork (Dublin: The Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
Ó Curnáin, Brian, 2007, The Irish of Iorras Aithneach, County Galway, 5 vols (Dublin: School of Celtic Studies, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
Ó Doibhlin, D., 1997, ‘A Word-list from Omeath, Co. Louth’, in Séamus Mac Mathúna and Ailbhe Ó Corráin, eds, Miscellanea Celtica in Memoriam Heinrich Wagner (Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksell), 282–95.
Ó Dónaill, Niall, 1977, Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla (Baile Átha Cliath: Oifig an tSoláthair).
O’Donnell, Thomas J., ed., 1960, Selections from the Zoilomastix of Philip O’Sullivan Beare [c. 1625] (Dublin Stationery Office for the Irish Manuscripts Commission).
O’Donnell, William, see An Bíobla Naomhtha (1817).
Ó Dufaigh, Brendan, 2011, Amach Anseo, An Chomhairle um Oideachas Gaeltachta & Gaelscolaíochta (Muineachán: Foilsitheoirí na gCnoc).
Ó Duibhín, Ciarán, 2023, An Embryonic English-Ulster Irish Dictionary (edn 2023/11/09).
O’Grady, Standish, 1887, ‘Remarks on the Oxford Edition of the Battle of Ventry’, Transactions of the Philosopohical Society 1885-7, 619–46.
Ó hAirt, Diarmaid, 1988, Díolaim Dhéiseach, Deascán Foclóireachta 7 (Baile Átha Cliath: Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann).
Ó hAlmhain, Aonghus, Smaointe Fánaċa Aonġusa.
Ó hEochaidh, Seán, and Séamas Ó Catháin, 1970, ‘Foclóir agus Seanchas na Farraige’, Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 31:1, 230–74.
Ó Máille, T. S., 1954, ‘Ainm na Gaillimhe’, Galvia I, 26–31.
Ó Maolalaigh, Roibeard, 2001, ‘Forás na nDeirí Díspeagtha -ean agus -ein i nGaeilge na hAlban’, in Brian Ó Catháin and Ruairí Ó hUiginn, eds, Béalra: Aistí ar theangeolaíocht na Gaeilge (Maigh Nuad: An Sagart), 2–43.
Ó Maolalaigh, Roibeard, 2003, ‘Processes in Nasalization and Related Issues’, Ériu LIII, 109–32.
Ó Maolalaigh, Roibeard, 2006a, ‘Coibhneas idir Consan (dh/gh) agus Guta i Stair na Gaeilge’, in B. Ó Buachalla, A. Doyle and S. Ní Laoire, eds, Aistí ar an Nua-Ghaeilge in Ómós do Bhreandán Ó Buachalla (Cois Life: Baile Átha Cliath), 41–78.
Ó Maolalaigh, Roibeard, 2006b, ‘On the Possible Origins of Scottish Gaelic iorram “rowing song” ’, in Michel Byrne, Thomas Owen Clancy and Sheila M. Kidd, eds, Litreachas & Eachdraidh: Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig 2, Glaschu 2002/Literature & History: Papers from the Second Conference of Scottish Gaelic Studies, Glasgow 2002 (Roinn na Ceiltis, Oilthigh Ghlaschu/Department of Celtic, University of Glasgow), 232–88.
Ó Maolalaigh, Roibeard, 2007, ‘Mac Bàillidh Hirt “the Son of the Bailiff of St Kilda” on his First Trip to Glasgow: An eighteenth-century Gaelic satirical narrative tale from Islay in Gaelic-Scots orthography’, in Sheila M. Kidd, ed., Glasgow: Baile Mòr nan Gàidheal/City of the Gaels (Glasgow: Roinn na Ceiltis, Oilthigh Ghlaschu/Department of Celtic, University of Glasgow), 89–106.
Ó Maolalaigh, Roibeard, 2008, ‘The Scotticisation of Gaelic: A reassessment of the language and orthography of the Gaelic notes in the Book of Deer’, in Katherine Forsyth, ed., Studies on the Book of Deer (Dublin: Four Courts Press), 179–274.
Ó Maolalaigh, Roibeard, 2010, ‘Caochlaideachd Leicseachail agus “Snowflakes” sa Ghàidhlig’, in Gillian Munro and Richard A. V. Cox, eds, Cànan & Cultar/Language & Culture: Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig 4 (Edinburgh: Dunedin Academic Press Ltd), 7–21.
Ó Maolalaigh, Roibeard, 2013, ‘Mythonyms in Scottish Gaelic: fomóir, fomhair, famhair, fuamhair(e) (‘giant’) and related forms’, Scottish Gaelic Studies XXIX, 172– 243.
Ó Maolalaigh, Roibeard, 2016, ‘The Mutational Effects of the Preposition ós: Bile ós Chrannaibh and related matters’, Scottish Gaelic Studies XXX, 73–111.
Ó Maolalaigh, Roibeard, 2020, ‘Lexical and Phonological Variation in Words for “ankle” in Gaelic’, in A. Ó Corráin, F. de Brún M. Fomin, eds, Scotha cennderca cen on: A Festschrift for Séamus Mac Mathúna, Studia Celtica Upsaliensia 10, Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis (Uppsala), 247–88.
Ó Maolalaigh, Roibeard, forthcoming, ‘Scottish Gaelic cachaileith “gate, gateway” ’.
Ó Muirithe, Diarmaid, 2010, From the Viking Word-Hoard: A dictionary of Scandiavian words in the languages of Britain and Ireland (Dublin: Four Courts Press).
Ó Muirithe, Diarmaid, 2013, A Supplement to the Dictionary of Scandiavian Words in the Languages of Britain and Ireland (Dublin: Four Courts Press).
Ó Murchú, Máirtín, 1989, East Perthshire Gaelic: Social history, phonology, texts and lexicon (Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
Ó Murchú, Máirtín, 2021, West Perthshire Gaelic: Phonology, morphology, texts and lexicon (Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
O’Rahilly, Cecile, ed., 1962, Cath Finntrágha, Mediaeval and Modern Irish Series 20 (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
O’Rahilly, Cecile, 1972, ‘Lexicographical Notes: spairn’, Éigse XIV, 56–58.
O’Rahilly, T[homas] F., 1913, ‘On the Terminations -áiste, -iste etc.’, Gadelica 1:4, 283–92.
O’Rahilly, Thomas F., 1926a, ‘Etymological Notes’, Scottish Gaelic Studies I, Pt I, 28–37.
O’Rahilly, Thomas F., 1926b, ‘Notes on Middle-Irish Pronunciation’, Hermathena XX, No. 44, 152–95.
O’Rahilly, T[homas] F., 1927, ‘Etymological Notes II’, Scottish Gaelic Studies II, Pt I, 28–37.
O’Rahilly, T[homas] F., 1929, ‘Etymological Notes III’, Scottish Gaelic Studies III, Pt I, 52–72.
O’Rahilly, T[homas] F., 1942a, ‘Iarann, Lárag, etc.’, Ériu XIII, 119–27.
O’Rahilly, T[homas] F., 1942b, ‘Some Instances of Vowel-Shortening in Modern Irish’, Ériu XIII, 128–34.
O’Rahilly, T[homas] F., 1942c, ‘Notes, Mainly Etymological’, Ériu XIII, 144–219.
O’Rahilly, Thomas F., 1946, Early Irish History and Mythology (Dublin: The Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
O’Rahilly, T[homas] F., 1950, ‘Varia II’, Celtica I:2, 328–86.
O’Rahilly, Thomas F., 1976, Irish Dialects Past and Present (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies; 1st pub. 1932).
O’Reilly, Edward, 1817, Sanas Gaoidhilge-Sagsbhearla/An Irish-English Dictionary (Dublin: J. Barlow).
O’Reilly, Edward, 1821, An Irish-English Dictionary (2nd edn, Dublin: A. O’Neil; originally pub. 1817).
O’Reilly, Edward, 1864, An Irish-English Dictionary, with a supplement by John O’Donovan (3rd edn, Dublin: James Duffy, reprinted 1877; originally pub. 1817).
Ó Searcaigh, Séamus, 1925, Foghraidheacht Ghaedhilge an Tuaiscirt (Béal Feirste, Baile Átha Cliath, Corcaigh, Port Láirge: Brún agus Ó Nualláin).
ODS: Ordbog over det danske Sprog.
OED: The Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary (London: Book Club Associates, 1979); and OED online.
Oftedal, Magne, 1954, ‘The Village Names of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides’, Norsk tidsskrift for sprogvidenskap XVII, 363–409.
Oftedal, Magne, 1956, The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland III, Norsk tidsskrift for sprogvidenskap Suppl. Bind IV (Oslo).
Oftedal, Magne, 1962, ‘On the Frequency of Norse Loanwords in Scottish Gaelic’, Scottish Gaelic Studies IX, 116–27.
Oftedal, Magne, 1962b, ‘Barp and Hvarf ’, Scottish Gaelic Studies IX, Pt II, 131–35.
Oftedal, Magne, 1972, ‘Ardroil’, Indo Celtica, ed. Herbert Pilch and Joachim Thurow, Commentationes Societatis Linguisticae Europaeae II, 111–25.
Oftedal, Magne, 1979, ‘Truiseil’, Studia Celtica XIV–XV (1979–80), 229–32.
Oftedal, Magne, 1980, ‘Scandinavian Place-names in Celtic Territory: An attempt at a linguistic classification’, Ortnamn och språkkontakt, ed. T. Andersson, E. Brylla and A. Rostvik, Norna-rapporter 17, 163–91.
Oftedal, Magne, 1983, ‘Loanwords, Norse’, in Thomson 1983b, 154.
Ordnance Survey digital map (on the Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba website).
OS 1843–82: Board of Ordnance/Ordnance Survey Office, Six-Inches-to-the-Mile Map (1 : 10,560), 1st edn, 1843–82.
OS 1878 LI: Sutherland Sheet LI, Ordnance Survey Office, Six-Inches-to-the-Mile Map (1 : 10,560), 1st edn, 1878.
OS 1907 LI: Sutherland Sheet LI, Ordnance Survey Office, Six-Inches-to-the-Mile Map (1 : 10,560), 2nd edn, 1907.
OS Name-Books: Sutherland Vol. 20.
Patterson, Hugh, 1880, A Glossary of Words in Use in the Counties of Antrim and Down (English Dialect Society).
Pattison, Thomas, 1890, The Gaelic Bards (Glasgow: Archibald Sinclair).
Pedersen, Holger, 1913, Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen, 2 vols (Göttingen, 1909–1913).
Pennant, Thomas, 1772, A Tour in Scotland and Voyage to the Hebrides 1772 I.
Piggott, Stuart, and Cecily Piggott, 1948, ‘Field Work in Colonsay and Islay, 1944–45’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 80, 83–103.
Plunkett, Richard, 1662: Pluincéad, Risdeard, ‘Vocabularium Latinum et Hibernum’: Marsh MS Z 4.2.5.
PNIM: Broderick, George, 1994–2005, Placenames of the Isle of Man, 7 vols (Tübingen: Niemeyer).
Pokorny, Julius, 1921, ‘Germanisch-Irisches’, Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 13, 111–29.
Pokorny, Julius, 1959, Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, 3 vols (Bern und München: Francke Verlag).
Pont, Timothy: see NLS: Pont Maps of Scotland, c. 1583–1614.
Quick, I[an], 1986, ‘English and Scots Military Loanwords in Scottish Gaelic’, Scottish Language 5, 99–105.
Quiggin, Edmund C., 1906, A Dialect of Donegal, Being the speech of Meenawannia in the Parish of Glenties: Phonology and texts (Cambridge: The University Press).
Quiggin, Edmund C., 1937, Poems from the Book of the Dean of Lismore: With a catalogue of the book, and indexes (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Radio nan Gàidheal, Facal Oirbh: 10 Gearran 2009; 27 Dàmhair 2009.
Riches, Ian, 2021, ‘The National Trust for Scotland’s St Kilda Archives’, National Trust for Scotland, 21 April 2021.
Rietz, Johan Ernst, 1867, Svenskt Dialekt Lexikon: Ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket.
Risk, Henry, 1970, ‘French Loan-words in Irish I–II’, Études Celtiques XII:2, 585–655.
Risk, Henry, 1974, ‘French Loan-words in Irish III–IV’, Études Celtiques XIV:1, 67–98.
Robertson, Boyd, and Ian MacDonald, 2010, Essential Gaelic Dictionary (Teach Yourself).
Robertson, [The Rev.] Charles M., 1899, ‘The Gaelic Dialect of Arran’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XXI, 229–65.
Robertson, [The Rev.] Charles M., 1900, ‘Perthshire Gaelic’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XXII, 4–42.
Robertson, [The Rev.] Charles M., 1902, ‘Skye Gaelic’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XXIII, 54–89.
Robertson, [The Rev.] Charles M., 1904, ‘The Gaelic of the West of Ross-shire’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XXIV, 321–69.
Robertson, [The Rev.] Charles M., 1906a, ‘Variations in Gaelic Loan-words’, The Celtic Review II, 34–45.
Robertson, [The Rev.] Charles M., 1906b, ‘Gaelic Technical Terms’, An Deo-Ghréine I, Earrann 5, 84–86.
Robertson, [The Rev.] Charles M., 1906c, ‘Scottish Gaelic Dialects’, The Celtic Review III, 97–113, 223–39, 319–332.
Robertson, The Rev. Charles M., 1907a, ‘Sutherland Gaelic’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness XXV, 84–125.
[Robertson, The Rev. Charles M.,] 1907b, ‘Gaelic Technical Terms’, An Deo-Ghréine II, Earrann 7, 111–13.
Robertson, The Rev. C[harles] M., 1908a, ‘Scottish Gaelic Dialects (Continued)’, The Celtic Review IV, 69–80, 167–83, 273–80, 335–48.
[Robertson, The Rev. Charles M.,] 1908b, ‘Gaelic Technical Terms’, An Deo-Ghréine III, Earrann 5, 94–95; 6, 114–15; 7, 151–52; 9, 180–81.
Robertson, The Rev. C[harles] M., 1908c, ‘Scottish Gaelic Dialects (Continued)’, The Celtic Review V, 79–90.
Robertson, The Rev. Charles M., see also King 2019.
Robson, Michael, 1991, Rona: The distant island (Stornoway: Acair Ltd).
Robson, Michael, 2004, Forts and Fallen Walls: The duns of northern Lewis (Port of Ness, Isle of Lewis: Michael Robson).
An Roinn Oideachais, 1978, Ainmeacha Plandaí agus Ainmhithe/Flora and Fauna Nomenclature (Baile Átha Cliath: Oifig an tSoláthair).
Rose, The Rev. John, 1851, Metrical Reliques of ‘the Men’ in the Highlands (Inverness: Mackintosh & Co).
Ross, John, 1890, ‘St Kilda as It Now Is’, c. 1890, a typescript of an MS, both in the possession of the National Trust for Scotland (Archive ref. NTS02/103/STK/01/05/01/07).
Royal Irish Academy MS E ii 1 (746), cited in Thomson 1996b, 157: ‘Birlinn Chlann Raghnaill’.
RSPB.
Rygh, Oluf, 1898, Norske Gaardnavne: Forord og indledning (Oslo: Børsums Forlag og Antikvariat A/S 1980; 1st pub. 1898).
St George Gray, H., 1925, ‘Albany F. Major, O.B.E., F.S.A.’, Somersetshire Archaeological and Natural History Society Proceedings 71, Pt II, 109–10.
Sailm Dhaibhidh 1659: Seanadh EarraGhaoidheal, 1659, An Ceud Chaogad do Shalmaibh Dhaibhidh ... (Glasgo: Aindra Ainderson).
Sandberg-McGowan, Astrid, 1996, ‘Viking Influence on Irish Weaponry and Dress?’, in Anders Ahlqvist et. al., eds, Celtica Helsingiensia: Proceedings from a Symposium on Celtic Studies, Commentationes Humanarum Litterarum 107 (Helsinki: Societas Scientiarum Fennica), 215–31.
Sarauw, Christian, 1900, Irske Studier (København: Det Schubotheske Forlag).
Sayers, William, 2001, ‘Old Norse Nautical Terminology in the “Sea-Runs” of Middle Irish Narrative’, Proceedings of the Fifth Symposium of Societas Celtologica Nordica (Uppsala: Uppsala University).
Scharff, R. F., 1916, ‘On the Irish Names of Reptiles, Amphibians and Fishes’, The Irish Naturalist 25, No. 7, 106–19.
Schoen, Judith, 2015, Orcain Catrach Mael Milscothaig: An edition and partial translation of Airec Menman Uraird maic Coisse, unpublished Master’s thesis, Ancient, Medieval and Renaissance Studies, University of Utrecht.
Schrijver, Peter, 1998, ‘The Châteaubleau Tile as a Link between Latin and French and between Gaulish and Brittonic’, Études Celtiques XXXIV, 135–42.
Schulze-Thulin, Britta, 1996, ‘Old Norse in Ireland’, in P. Sture Ureland and Iain Clarkson, eds, Language Contact across the North Atlantic, Linguistische Arbeiten 359 (Tübingen: Neimeyer), 83–113.
An Seann Tiomnadh 1783: Leabhraiche an t-Seann Tiomnaidh I–IV (Dun-Eidin: Uilliam Smellie, 1783).
Sebo, Erin, 2017, ‘Does OE puca Have an Irish Origin?’, Studia Neophilologica 89:2, 167–75.
Seip, Didrik Arup, 1955, Norsk språkhistorie til omkring 1370 (Oslo: H. Aschehoug & Co.).
Sephton, J., trans., 1880, Eirik the Red's Saga: A translation read before the Literary and Philosophical Society of Liverpool, January 12, 1880 (Liverpool: Marples).
SGDS: The Survey of the Gaelic Dialects of Scotland, 5 vols, ed. Cathair Ó Dochartaigh (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1994).
Sgiathanach [The Rev. Alexander MacGregor], 1876, ‘A Remarkable Feudal Custom in Skye’, The Celtic Magazine I, 119–21.
Shaw, William, 1780, A Galic and English Dictionary ..., 2 vols (London: printed by W. & A. Strahan).
Sinclair, A. MacG., 1877, ‘An Co-chruinneachadh Muileach’, An Gaidheal VI, Àir. 62, 50–52.
Sinclair, The Rev. A. MacLean, 1890, Comhchruinneachadh Ghlinn-a-Bhaird: The Glenbard collection of Gaelic poetry (Charlottetown: Haszard & Moore).
Sinclair, The Rev. A. Maclean, 1900, Na Bàird Leathanach: The Maclean Bards II (Charlottestown: Haszard & Moore).
Skeat, Walter, W., 1967 [1882], A Concise Etymological Dictionary of the English Language (Oxford: The Clarendon Press; 1st impression 1882).
Skene, John, 1599, De verborum significatione: The exposition of the termes and difficill wordes, conteined in the fovre bvikes of Regiam Majestatem ... (2nd edn, Edinburgh: Robert Waldegrave; 1st pub. 1597). Later editions include 1641 (London: E. G.) and 1681 (Edinburgh: David Lindsay) (transcribed as a digital copy here).
Skinner, Stephano, 1671, Etymologicon Linguæ Anglicanæ (Londini: T. Roycroft).
Smyth, W[illiam] H[enry], 1867, The Sailor’s Word-Book: An alphabetical digest of nautical terms (London: Blackie and Son).
SND: Scottish National Dictionary, available via Dictionaries of the Scots Language.
Sommerfelt, Alf, 1922, ‘Carl Marstrander: Recherches sur l’histoire du vieux-norrois en Irlande’, Revue Celtique XXXIX, 175–98.
Sommerfelt, Alf, 1949, ‘The Norseman in Present Day Donegal Tradition’, Journal of Celtic Studies 1, 232–38.
Sommerfelt, Alf, 1952a, ‘Norse-Gaelic Contacts’, Norsk tidsskrift for sprogvidenskap XVI, 226–36.
Sommerfelt, Alf, 1952b, ‘Further Notes on Norse-Gaelic Contacts’, Norsk tidsskrift for sprogvidenskap XVI, 375–76.
Sommerfelt, Alf, 1962, ‘The Norse Influence on Irish and Scottish Gaelic’, Proceedings of the International Congress of Celtic Studies (Dublin), 73–77.
SSSA: School of Scottish Studies Archive.
Stahl, Anke-Beate, 1999, ‘Place-Names of Barra in the Outer Hebrides’, unpublished PhD thesis, University of Edinburgh.
Stair na Gaeilge: Stair na Gaeilge: In ómós do Pádraig Ó Fiannachta, ed. Kim McCone, Damian McManus, Cathal Ó Háinle, Nicholas Williams and Liam Breatnach (Maigh Nuad: Roinn na Sean-Ghaeilge, Coláiste Phádraig, 1996).
Stevenson, R[obert] B. K., and J[ohn] Porteous, 1972, ‘Two Scottish Seventeenth-Century Coin Hoards’, British Numismatic Journal 41, 136–46.
Stewart, Alexander, and Donald Stewart, 1804, Cochruinneacha Taoghta de Shaothair nam Bard Gaëleach, 2 vols (Duneidin: T. Stiuart).
Stewart, Thomas W., 2004, ‘Lexical Imposition: Old Norse vocabulary in Scottish Gaelic’, Diachronica 21, No. 2, 393–420.
Stockman, Gerard, 1974, The Irish of Achill, Co. Mayo, Studies in Irish Language and Literature, Department of Celtic, Queen’s University Belfast 2 (Belfast).
Stockman, Gerard, and Heinrich Wagner, 1965, ‘Contributions to a Study of Tyrone Irish – LASI point 66’, Lochlann III, 43–236.
Stokes, Whitley, 1860, Irish Glosses: A mediæval tract on Latin declension (Dublin: The Irish Archæological and Celtic Society).
Stokes, Whitley, ed., 1868, Sanas Chormaic: Cormac’s Glossary, translated and annotated by John O’Donovan (Calcutta: O. C. Cutter for the Irish Archæological and Celtic Society).
Stokes, Whitley, ed., 1872, Goidelica: Old and Early Middle Irish glosses, prose and verse (2nd edn, London: Trübner and Co.).
Stokes, Whitley, ed., 1877, The Tripartite Life of Patrick: With other documents relating to that saint, 2 vols (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode).
Stokes, Whitley, 1885–1886, ‘Celtic Declension’, Transactions of the Philological Society, 97–201.
Stokes, Whitley, 1888a, ‘On the Materia Medica of the Mediaeval Irish’, Revue Celtique IX, 224–44.
Stokes, Whitley, 1888b, ‘The Voyage of Mael Duin’, Revue Celtique IX, 447–95.
Stokes, Whitley, 1892, ‘On the Linguistic Value of the Irish Annals’, Beiträge zur Kunde der indogermanischen Sprachen XVIII, 56–132; 1st pub. in 1891 in Transactions of the Philological Society 21, 365–433.
Stokes, Whitley, 1893, ‘On the Metrical Glosses of Mediaeval Irish’, Beiträge zur Kunde der indogermanischen Sprachen XIX, 1–120,
Stokes, Whitley, 1894, Urkeltischer Sprachschatz, ed. Adalbert Bezzenberger (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht’s Verlag).
Stokes, Whitley, 1897, ‘Cuimmín’s Poem on the Saints of Ireland’, Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie I, 59–73.
Stokes, Whitley, 1898, ‘The Irish Version of Fierabras’, Revue Celtique XIX, 14–57, 118–67, 252–91, 364–93.
Stokes, Whitley, 1904, ‘O’Davoren’s Glossary’, Archiv für celtische Lexikographie II, 197–504.
Stokes, Whitley, 1907, ‘The Glossary in Egerton 158’, Archiv für celtische Lexikographie III, 145–214, with supplementary notes on pp. 247–48 and 290.
Stokes, Whitley, and John Strachan, 1901–10, Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus: A collection of Old Irish Glosses, scholia, prose and verse, 3 vols (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
An Stòr-Dàta: An Stòr-Dàta Briathrachais Gàidhlig.
An Stòr-Dàta 1993: An Stòr-Dàta Briathrachais Gàidhlig/The Gaelic Terminology Database (An Teanga: Clò Ostaig, 1993).
Sutherland, The Rev. A[rchibald] C[ook], 1878, ‘George Buchanan on the Customs and Languages of the Celts’, Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness VII, 1–10.
Svabo, J. C., 1966, Dictionarium Færoense: Færøsk-dansk-latinsk ordbog I: Ordbogen, ed. Chr. Matras (København: Munksgaard).
Taylor, A. B., 1968, ‘The Norsemen in St Kilda’, Saga-Book of the Viking Society XVII, Pts 2–3, 116–44.
Taylor, Iain, 1981, Ainmean-Àiteachan (An Teanga: Clò Ostaig).
Taylor, Iain, 2011, Place-Names of Scotland (Edinburgh: Birlinn; 2nd edn 2020).
teanglann.ie: Dictionary and language library.
Tempan, Paul, [2007], Review article of ‘Peter Drummond, Scottish Hill Names: Their origin and meaning’ (Scottish Mountaineering Trust, 2nd edn, 2007), MountainViews.ie.
Tempan, Paul 2010–20, ‘Irish Landscape Names’, Mountaineering Ireland.
Thomas, Captain F. W. L., 1890, ‘On the Duns of the Outer Hebrides’, Archaeologica Scotica 5, 365–415.
Thomson, Derick S. (under the pen-name R. McT.), 1963, ‘An Sgeilp Leabhraichean’, Gairm 43, 339–341.
Thomson, Derick S., 1968, ‘The Harlaw Brosnachadh: An early fifteenth-century literary curio’, in James Carney and David Greene, eds, Celtic Studies: Essays in memory of Angus Matheson 1912–1962 (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul), 147–69.
Thomson, Derick S., 1983a, ‘Gaelic: orthography’, in D. S. Thomson 1983b, 99‒101.
Thomson, Derick S., ed., 1983b, The Companion to Gaelic Scotland (Oxford: Blackwell).
Thomson, Derick S., 1983c, ‘Novel, the Gaelic’, in Thomson 1983b, 218–19.
Thomson, Derick S., 1983d, ‘Gaelic (general survey)’, in Thomson 1983b, 89–91.
Thomson, Derick S., 1996a, The New English-Gaelic Dictionary (Gairm: Glasgow; 1st pub. 1981).
Thomson, Derick S., 1996b, Alasdair Mac Mhaighstir Alasdair: Selected poems (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press for the Scottish Gaelic Texts Society).
Thomson, R. L., 1963, ‘Norse Loanwords in Manx’, Scottish Gaelic Studies X, Pt 1, 65–68.
Thomson, R. L., 1983, ‘Loanwords, English and Scots’, in Thomson 1983b, 152–53.
Thomson, R. L., 2007, ‘Some Early Loan-words in Manx’, in Sharon Arbuthnot and5 Kaarina Hollo, eds, Fil súil nglais – A Grey Eye Looks Back: a Festschrift in honour of Colm Ó Baoill (Ceann Drochaid: Clann Tuirc), 283–88.
Thurneysen, Rudolf, 1891, ‘Mittelirische Verslehren’, in Ernst Windisch and Whitley Stokes, eds, Irische Texte mit Wörterbuch 3:1 (Leipzig).
Thurneysen, Rudolf, 1912, Zu irischen Handschriften und Litterarturdenkmälern (Berlin: Weidmannsche Buchhandlung).
Thurneysen, Rudolf, 1975, A Grammar of Old Irish (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies; 1st pub. 1946).
An Tiomnadh Nuadh 1767: Tiomnadh Nuadh ar Tighearna agus ar Slanuigh-fhir Iosa Criosd (Dun-Eudain: Balfour, Auld agus Smellie).
An Tiomnadh Nuadh 1796: Tiomnadh Nuadh ar Tighearna agus ar Slanuighir Iosa Criosd (Dun-Eidin: Eoin Paterson).
Tobar an Dualchais/Kist o Riches.
Torp, Alf, [1919], 1992, Nynorsk etymologisk ordbok (Oslo: Bjørn Ringstrøms Antikvariat).
Þorláksson, Helgi, 2001, ‘The Vinland Sagas in a Contemporay Light’, in Andrew Wawn and Þórunn Sigurđardóttir, eds, Approaches to Vínland: A conference on the written and archaeological sources for the Norse settlements in the North-Atlantic region and exploration of America (Reykjavík: Sigurður Nordal Institute), 63–77.
Ua Laogaire, An t-Athair Peadar, 1915, Guaire, 2 vols (Baile Átha Cliath, Béal Feirste, Corcaigh: Brún agus Ó Nualláin).
Uí Bheirn, Úna M., 1989, Cnuasach Focal as Teileann (Baile Átha Cliath: Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann).
Valkhoff, Marius-François, 1931, Étude sur les mots français d'origine néerlandaise (Amersfoort: Valkhof).
Vendryes, J., 1913, 'Périodiques: I. Wörter und Sachen', Revue Celtique XXXIV, 228–32.
Vendryes, J., 1996, Lexique Étymologique de L’Irlandais Ancien, 7 vols (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1974–96).
Verdam, J[acob], 1964, Middelnederlandsch Handwoordenboek (Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff).
Vigfusson, Gudbrand, 1878, ed., Sturlunga Saga, Including the Islendinga Saga of Lawman Sturla Thordsson and other works, 2 vols (Oxford: Clarendon Press).
Wagner, H[einrich], 1976, ‘Beiträge zur Vergleichenden Erforschung des Irischen’, Celtica XI, 264–69.
Wagner, Heinrich, 1979, Gaeilge Theilinn (Baile Átha Cliath: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath).
Warrack, Alexander, 1911, The Scots Dialect Dictionary (Edinburgh: Lomond Books, 1988; 1st pub. 1911).
Watson, J[ames] Carmichael, ed., 1965, Gaelic Songs of Mary MacLeod (Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd for the Scottish Gaelic Texts Society).
Watson, Seosamh, 1996, ‘Hiatus-filling /h/ in Irish and Scottish Gaelic Dialects’, Scottish Gaelic Studies XVII, 376–82.
Watson, Seosamh, 1999, ‘Aspects of Some Nova Scotian Dialects’, in Ronald Black, William Gillies and Roibeard Ó Maolalaigh, eds, Celtic Connections: Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Celtic Studies I: Language, literature, history, culture (East Linton: Tuckwell Press), 347–57.
Watson, Seòsamh, 2017, Saoghal Bana-mharaiche: Cunntas beul-aithris mu bheatha muinntir an iasgaich ann am Machair Rois (Ceann Drochaid: Clann Tuirc).
Watson, Seosamh, 2021, ‘Scots and English Loanwords in a Peripheral Gaelic Dialect of North East Scotland’, in Manuela Neṽaci, Irina Floarea, Ioan-Mircea Farcaş, eds, Ex Oriente lux: In honorem Nicolae Saramandu, La Colanna Infinita Nr. 14 (Alessandria: Edizioni dell’Orso), 1–34.
Watson, Seosamh, 2022, Easter Ross Gaelic: Lexicon with texts and brief phonology (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
Watson, W[illiam] J., 1904, Place-Names of Ross and Cromarty (Inverness).
Watson, W[illiam] J., 1906, ‘Some Sutherland Names of Places’, Celtic Review II, 232–42, 360–68.
Watson, William J., 1918, 1932, Bardachd Ghàidhig: Specimens of Gaelic poetry 1550–1900 (Glasgow and Inverness: The Northern Counties Print. and Pub. Co. for An Comunn Gàidhealach, 1918; 2nd edn, Stirling: A. Learmonth & Son, 1932).
Watson, William J., 1926, The History of the Celtic Place-Names of Scotland (Edinburgh & London: William Blackwood & Sons Ltd).
Watson, William J., 1929, Rosg Gàidhlig (Glasgow: An Comunn Gaidhealach; 1st pub. 1915).
Watson, William J., 1978, Scottish Verse from the Book of the Dean of Lismore (Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press for Comunn Litreachas Gàidhlig na h-Alba; 1st pub. 1937).
Watt, Eilidh, 1983, ‘Roghainn’, Gairm 123, 232–36.
Wentworth, Roy, 2003, Gaelic Words and Phrases from Wester Ross/Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar (Deimhidh, Inbhir Nis: Clàr).
Wentworth, Roy G., 2005, Gàidhlig Gheàrrloch: Rannsachadh air fòn-eòlas dualchainnt Ghàidhlig Gheàrrloch, Siorrachd Rois (Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies): online.
WFT: Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal/Woordenboek der Friese taal, in Historische Woordenboeken: Nederlands en Fries.
Wiglesworth, Joseph, 1903, St Kilda and Its Birds (Liverpool: C. Tinling & Co.).
Wilson, Garth Stewart, 1984, The Scandinavian Impact on Irish Seafaring Technology, MA thesis, University of British Columbia.
Woodcroft, Bennet, 1854, Alphabetical Index of Patentees of Inventions: From March 2, 1617 (14 James I) to October 1, 1852 (16 Victoriæ) (Queen's Printing Office).
Wright, Joseph, 1975, Old English Grammar (3rd edn; Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Young, G. V. C., and Cynthia R. Clewer, 1985, Føroysk-Ensk Orðabók/Faroese-English Dictionary (Peel: Mansk-Svenska Publishing Co. Ltd).
Zimmer, H[einrich], 1888, ‘Keltische Beiträge I’, Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum und deutsche Literatur 32, 196–334; ‘Berichtigungen und nachträge zu s. 196–334, von Zimmer’, ibid., 462–70.
Zimmer, H[einrich], 1891, ‘Keltische Beiträge III’, Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum und deutsche Literatur 35, 1–172.
Zimmer, Heinrich, 1895, ‘Keltische Studien’, Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen 33, Bd. 1, 141–56.
Zoëga, Geir T., 1910, A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic (Oxford: Clarendon Press).